Anxiety and Depression in Adolescent PCOS

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder in women of reproductive age, characterized by heterogeneous complications. It is increasingly prevalent among adolescent females today. Women with PCOS may experience infrequent or prolonged menstrual periods, excessive hair growth, acne, and obesity. The rising prevalence of PCOS in the general population affects approximately 5-10% of women of reproductive age worldwide (1). A significant proportion of women with PCOS-particularly adolescent girls-experience major depressive disorder. Although the exact cause of PCOS remains unknown, early diagnosis and treatment, along with weight loss, can reduce the risk of long-term complications. Depression and anxiety are common in women with PCOS; however, their frequency has often been overlooked, leaving many cases untreated (2). In addition to physical symptoms, various mental health problems are also associated with PCOS (3). The diagnosis of PCOS is established when at least two of the following criteria are present: amenorrhea/oligomenorrhea, hyperandrogenism (clinical or biochemical), and a polycystic ovarian appearance on ultrasound (4). Psychosocial problems are particularly common among obese adolescents and those with excessive hair growth.

The rationale of this study is to investigate the prevalence of this often-overlooked comorbidity and to evaluate changes following OCS (oral contraceptive) use.

Inclusion criteria

• Age between 15 and 19 years
• Diagnosis of adolescent polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)

Exclusion criteria

• Severe reading or comprehension difficulties
• Severe hearing impairment
• Current use of hormone therapy
• Presence of a virilizing tumor
• Major psychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, or dissociative disorder