Antipyretic Therapy With and Without Cold Sponging

Given the conflicting findings in existing literature, the role of cold sponging in fever management remains uncertain. Some studies suggest a transient advantage in early temperature reduction, while others highlight limited long-term benefit and increased discomfort. Therefore, this study seeks to determine whether cold sponging offers meaningful additional benefit or merely adds distress without enhancing the efficacy of paracetamol. The findings would generate evidence-based guidance for using cold sponging in febrile children.

Inclusion criteria

• Children of either gender
• Aged 6 to 60 months.
• Presenting with a fever (an axillary or oral temperature >38.0°C)
• No use of paracetamol or other antipyretics within the past 6 hours. 4. Parental/guardian giving informed written consent.

Exclusion criteria

• Children with chronic systematic conditions (e.g., congenital heart defects, renal or respiratory diseases)
• History of febrile seizures or other seizure disorders
• Known hypersensitivity or contraindication to paracetamol
• Presence of dermatological conditions that may aggravate by sponging (eg., eczema, contact dermatitis, psoriasis, skin infection, xerosis)