Antihypertensive Effects of Rosmarinus Officinalis L. Infusion

ABPM was utilized to improve the accuracy of the clinical trial while minimizing the required number of participants. Blood pressure mea- surements were taken at the brachial artery using a Holter SunTech Medical Oscar 2 device (INC S07Air Port Blvd, Suite 117, Morrisville, NC, USA) to monitor BP over a 24-hour period. The device was set to record BP every 30 min during the day and every hour at night. The cuff was placed on the non-dominant arm, enabling the participants to carry on with their normal activities. They were instructed to stay still during cuff inflation.

The sleep and wake times for programming the Holter device were established based on a question asked to the subjects during their visit. These measurements were recorded on Day 0 (D0) and Day 45 (D45) to assess the impact of the rosemary infusion on blood pressure. We assessed the following blood pressure parameters: 24-h, daytime, and nighttime SBP and DBP, mean blood pressure (MBP), heart rate (HR), and nocturnal d

Serum angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) activity was determined in men with grade 1 hypertension using serum samples collected at baseline and after six weeks of daily consumption of either rosemary infusions or a placebo. It was measured using the ACE Liquid reagent kit (Sentinel Diagnostics, Italy) on an automated clinical chemistry analyzer (Beckman Coulter AU 700, USA). The method is based on the enzymatic hydrolysis of the synthetic substrate FAPGG (furylacryloyl-phenylalanyl-glycyl-glycine). ACE catalyzes the cleavage of FAPGG, resulting in a decrease in absorbance at 340 nm, which is directly proportional to the ACE activity in the sample. Intra- and inter-assay precision coefficient of variation (CV) of the Beckman Coulter AU 700 Sentinel Diagnostics ACE values are 2.6% and 2.9%, respectively at 40 UI/L. The ACE activity measurement exhibits excellent linearity across the range of 5.8 U/L to 120 U/L, ensuring accurate quantification within this interval. Adults' normal ACE

Blood samples were collected from the cubital vein of subjects both at baseline and after the study, following a 12-h fasting period. The samples were drawn into three distinct tubes: an EDTA-coated tube, a heparin-coated tube, and a sodium fluoride/potassium oxalate-coated tube. These samples were immediately subjected to centrifugation for 20 min at 3000 rpm, then stored at -80 ◦C until further analysis.

Plasma aliquots were transferred to the biochemistry laboratory for the determination of various biochemical parameters and ionic con- stituents in the blood, including ASAT, ALAT, total bilirubin, direct bilirubin, γ-GT, alkaline phosphatase, cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL, LDL, glucose, urea, creatinine, uric acid, albumin, Na+, and K+. Ana- lyses were conducted at the Biochemistry Department of Farhat Hached Hospital in Sousse using the Unicell DXC 600 Synchron analyzer by Beckman Coulter. LDL cholesterol levels were calculated using the Friedewald formula.

During the intervention period, participants were instructed to report any noticeable changes in health status associated with the use of rosemary infusion. This approach enabled the investigator to monitor safety and collect subjective observations related to the intervention.

Molecular docking simulations were carried out by the Auto Dock 4.2 program package (Trott and Olson, 2010). The 'XFEL structure of human Angiotensin Receptor' was sourced from Protein Data Bank (PDB code: 4YAY). The steps were done : add the missing hydrogens in addition to assigning the partial charges (Gasteiger). The AutoDock Tools were used to prepare the ligands and protein files (PDBQT). The optimization of all the geometries of ligands was conducted by using ACD (3D viewer) software (http://www.filefacts.com/acd3d-viewer-freeware-info) and the visualization and analysis of interactions were carried out via Discovery Studio 2017R2 (https://www.3dsbiovia. com/products/collaborative-science/biovia-discovery-studio/) and PyMOL 0.99rc6