Anti-inflammatory Dietary Intervention in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Inclusion criteria

• Patients who meet the diagnostic criteria for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) according to the Guidelines for the Prevention and Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in China (2020 Edition);
• Aged 18 years or older;
• Able and willing to complete all study questionnaires;
• Willing to provide blood samples for laboratory testing;
• Possessing adequate communication and comprehension abilities, with no impairment of consciousness, and able to respond to investigators' questions;
• Willing to participate in regular follow-up visits and assessments according to the study protocol and able to provide written informed consent.

Exclusion criteria

• Patients with a history of diseases affecting blood glucose metabolism, such as hyperthyroidism or Cushing's syndrome;
• Pregnant or breastfeeding women;
• Patients with severe hepatic dysfunction, renal dysfunction, heart failure, or malignant tumors;
• Patients with acute or chronic infectious diseases accompanied by obvious signs of infection, including clinically diagnosed intestinal infections, respiratory tract infections, periodontitis, and other infectious conditions;
• A history of recent use of medications that may affect inflammatory or metabolic status, such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs, e.g., aspirin) or glucocorticoids;
• Patients who have undergone gastrointestinal surgery or have diseases that may affect the effectiveness of dietary intervention, such as malabsorption syndrome.