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Completed

NCT Number: NCT07651384

Animated Video Versus Written Leaflet for Preoperative Kidney Transplant Education

This randomized comparative trial evaluated whether an animated educational video, added to standard verbal counselling, differs from a content-matched written information leaflet, also added to standard verbal counselling, in improving procedural knowledge and reducing preoperative anxiety among adult kidney transplant candidates and prospective living donors. Participants were assessed immediately before and immediately after the assigned intervention. Secondary outcomes included participant satisfaction, preferred information modality, and the understandability and actionability of the educational materials.

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Key information

Conditions

Kidney Transplantation (Status Post) Patient Education Preoperative Anxiety

Age range

18 year–75 year

Sex eligibility

All sexes

Study type

Interventional

Phase

Not applicable

Primary location

Ankara Bilkent City Hospital

Ankara, 06800, Turkey (Türkiye)

About this study

Adult kidney transplant candidates undergoing preoperative evaluation and their prospective living donors were randomly allocated 1:1 to a video group or a written group. Both groups received standardized verbal counselling, unchanged across arms; the video group additionally viewed a ~2.5-minute animated video, and the written group additionally read a content-matched, illustrated A4 leaflet covering the same kidney transplant surgical pathway (laparoscopic live donor nephrectomy, bench surgery, and recipient stages). Procedural knowledge was measured with a seven-item investigator-developed questionnaire and preoperative anxiety with the validated Turkish Amsterdam Preoperative Anxiety and Information Scale (APAIS), administered immediately before and after the intervention. After the post-test, participants were cross-over exposed to the other format and indicated their preferred modality for future education. The understandability and actionability of both materials were independently rated using the Patient Education Materials Assessment Tool (PEMAT-A/V and PEMAT-P).

Who can participate

Healthy volunteers accepted: Yes

Only the study team can determine whether someone qualifies for participation.

Inclusion criteria

  • Age 18 to 75 years
  • Kidney transplant candidate or prospective living donor undergoing preoperative evaluation
  • Able to read and write Turkish
  • Provided written informed consent

Exclusion criteria

  • Previous exposure to the study's animated educational video
  • Cognitive impairment or inability to communicate adequately for assessment
  • Visual or hearing impairment preventing completion of questionnaires or viewing of the material
  • Documented severe psychiatric disorder

Treatment and study plan

Animated educational video

Behavioral

Approximately 2.5-minute animation depicting the kidney transplant surgical pathway

Written information leaflet

Behavioral

Illustrated A4 leaflet with content identical to the video.

Primary outcomes

  1. Change in procedural knowledge

    Time frame: Day 1 (immediately before and immediately after the intervention, same study visit)

    Procedural knowledge was measured with a 7-item investigator-developed multiple-choice Kidney Transplant Surgical Process Knowledge Questionnaire, scored as the number of incorrect responses. Scores range from a minimum of 0 to a maximum of 7. Higher scores indicate worse knowledge (more incorrect answers); a decrease from pre- to post-test indicates a better outcome.

  2. Change in preoperative anxiety with the Amsterdam Preoperative Anxiety and Information Scale (APAIS) score

    Time frame: Day 1 (immediately before and immediately after the intervention, same study visit)

    Preoperative anxiety and information need were measured with the Amsterdam Preoperative Anxiety and Information Scale (APAIS), total score. Scores range from a minimum of 6 to a maximum of 30. Higher scores indicate a worse outcome (greater anxiety and information need); a decrease from pre- to post-test indicates a better outcome.

Secondary outcomes

  1. Post-intervention knowledge score (between groups)

    Time frame: Day 1 (immediately after the intervention, same study visit)

    Number of incorrect responses on the 7-item Kidney Transplant Surgical Process Knowledge Questionnaire after the intervention, compared between groups. Scores range from a minimum of 0 to a maximum of 7. Higher scores indicate worse knowledge (a worse outcome).

  2. Post-intervention Amsterdam Preoperative Anxiety and Information Scale (APAIS) score (between groups)

    Time frame: Day 1 (immediately after the intervention, same study visit)

    Total Amsterdam Preoperative Anxiety and Information Scale (APAIS) score after the intervention, compared between groups. Scores range from a minimum of 6 to a maximum of 30. Higher scores indicate a worse outcome (greater anxiety and information need).

  3. Participant satisfaction

    Time frame: Day 1 (immediately after the intervention, same study visit)

    Participant satisfaction was measured with a 5-item investigator-developed Satisfaction and Perceived Benefit Questionnaire, each item rated on a 5-point Likert scale, summed to a total score. Scores range from a minimum of 5 to a maximum of 25. Higher scores indicate a better outcome (greater satisfaction and perceived benefit).

  4. Preferred information modality

    Time frame: Day 1 (immediately after interventions and cross-over exposure to both formats, same study visit)

    Preferred information modality for future preoperative education, reported by participants after cross-over exposure to both formats immediately after the questionairre. This is a categorical outcome (video only / written only / both / no preference), not a scored scale; therefore minimum and maximum values are not applicable.

  5. Understandability of the educational materials, assessed with the Patient Education Materials Assessment Tool (PEMAT) score

    Time frame: Baseline (educational materials assessed prior to participant enrollment)

    Understandability of the educational materials, assessed with the Patient Education Materials Assessment Tool (PEMAT): the PEMAT for Audiovisual materials (PEMAT-A/V) for the animated video and the PEMAT for Printable materials (PEMAT-P) for the written leaflet. The understandability score is expressed as a percentage, ranging from a minimum of 0% to a maximum of 100%. Higher percentages indicate a better outcome (greater understandability).

Sponsors and collaborators

Lead sponsor

Ankara City Hospital Bilkent

Other

Registry information

Official study title

Comparing the Effects of Animated Video and Written Information on Understanding, Knowledge Level, and Anxiety in Explaining Kidney Transplant Surgery to Patients

Important dates

Study start
2026
Primary completion
2026
Study completion
2026
First posted
Jun 16, 2026
Registry last updated
Jun 16, 2026

OpenTrials presents study information sourced from ClinicalTrials.gov. The official registry record should be consulted for the latest information.

View the official ClinicalTrials.gov record (opens in a new tab)

This listing is for discovery and informational purposes only. It is not medical advice, does not guarantee that a study is recruiting, and does not determine eligibility. Contact the study team and a qualified healthcare professional when considering participation.

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