An Investigation of Kinesiophobia in Volleyball Players, With a Focus on Sex-Based Differences

Kinesiophobia is a form of behavior that includes fear and anxiety in which the person tends to stay away from the movement. . In the future, this may lead to a decrease in muscle strength and condition, leading to loss or decrease in physical adequacy, avoidance of exercise and, accordingly, psychological problems. Kinesiophobia also negatively affects the success of the treatment process in athletes or normal patients.

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Key information

Conditions

Volleyball Player Anxiety Disorders Kinesiophobia Mental Disorders Phobic Disorders

Age range

18 year–25 year

Sex eligibility

Male

Study type

Observational

Primary location

Bahçeşehir University

Istanbul, Istanbul Avrupa Kitasi, 34353, Turkey (Türkiye)

About this study

In athletes, this situation affects the sports activity that they place at the center of their lives, causing loss of performance and, accordingly, the emergence of psychological problems. Athletes are faced with the deterioration of bone integrity during training or matches according to their branches, or they are injured by structures such as muscles, tendons and ligaments.

One of the important criteria in pain, kinesiophobia and exercise is sleep quality. Results such as sleep quality or increased stress level in insomnia and inattention may have an effect on pain or kinesiophobia. The deterioration in sleep quality leads to a decrease in the performance ability of the person, affecting the daily activity, decreasing the energy level and being in a daytime sleepy state.

The study results are described in the article, including sex-based comparisons of kinesiophobia, fatigue, and sleep quality among 52 amateur volleyball players, as well as the statistical findings showing higher fatigue in female athletes and significant correlations between kinesiophobia, fatigue, and sleep quality, which together provide a comprehensive evaluation of.

Who can participate

Healthy volunteers accepted: Yes

Only the study team can determine whether someone qualifies for participation.

Inclusion criteria

Being between the ages of 18-30
Taking part in Amateur Volleyball clubs

Exclusion criteria

Individuals under the age of 18
Individuals who have had a surgical procedure in the last six months
Use of NSAIDs and similar disease-modifying drugs (Diaserein, Glucosamine, etc.) in the last month.

Treatment and study plan

Primary outcomes

Tampa Kinesiophobia Scale:

Time frame: one day

Tampa Kinesiophobia Scale; movement is a 17-item scale developed to measure the fear of re-injury. The scale includes parameters of injury/re-injury and fear-avoidance in work-related activities.

A 4-point Likert scoring (1=I strongly disagree, 4=I totally agree) is used in the scale. After reversing items 4, 8, 12 and 16, a total score is calculated. The person gets a total score between 17-68. A high score on the scale indicates a high level of kinesiophobia.
Fatigue Severity Scale

Time frame: one day

Fatigue severity scale; It consists of 9 questions and questions the effects of one's fatigue on daily life. Each question has a score between 0 and 7. During the calculation, the arithmetic average of the total score is taken.A high score on the scale indicates a high level of fatique
Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Scale

Time frame: one day

The survey assesses the person's sleep quality over the past month. It consists of a total of 24 questions, 19 of which are filled in by the person filling out the questionnaire, and 5 of them are filled by the participant's roommate or bed partner if they have a bed partner. While calculating the index, the questions answered by the spouse and friend of the person are not included in the calculation. In the scoring of the index; There are 7 components: subjective sleep quality, sleep latency (latency), sleep duration, habitual sleep efficiency, sleep disturbance, use of sleeping pills, and daytime dysfunction. A high score on the scale indicates a high level of slepp problems.

Sponsors and collaborators

Lead sponsor

Istanbul Medipol University Hospital

Other

Registry information

Important dates

Study start: 2025
Primary completion: 2025
Study completion: 2025
First posted: Apr 3, 2023
Registry last updated: Jul 14, 2026

OpenTrials presents study information sourced from ClinicalTrials.gov. The official registry record should be consulted for the latest information.

View the official ClinicalTrials.gov record (opens in a new tab)

This listing is for discovery and informational purposes only. It is not medical advice, does not guarantee that a study is recruiting, and does not determine eligibility. Contact the study team and a qualified healthcare professional when considering participation.

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