An Efficacy And Safety Study Evaluating Tofacitinib With And Without Methotrexate Compared To Adalimumab With Methotrexate

ACR50 is a greater than or equal to (≥) 50 percent (%) improvement in tender joint count (TJC) or swollen joint count (SJC) and 50% improvement in 3 of the following 5 criteria: 1) physician's global assessment (PGA) of disease activity, 2) participant's assessment (PtGA) of disease activity, 3) participant's assessment of pain, 4) participant's assessment of functional disability via a health assessment questionnaire, and 5) C-reactive protein (CRP) at each visit.

SDAI is the numerical sum of five outcome parameters: TJC and SJC both based on a 28-joint assessment, PtGA and PGA both assessed on a 0 to 10 centimeter (cm) visual analogue scale (VAS) (higher scores indicate greater affection due to disease activity), and CRP (mg/dL). SDAI total score ranges from 0 to 86. SDAI less than or equal to (≤) 3.3 indicates disease remission, >3.4 to 11 indicates low disease activity, >11 to 26 indicates moderate disease activity, and >26 indicates high disease activity.

CDAI is the numerical sum of four outcome parameters: TJC and SJC both based on a 28-joint assessment, PtGA and PGA both assessed on a 0 to 10 cm VAS (higher scores indicate greater affection due to disease activity). CDAI total score ranges from 0 to 76. CDAI ≤2.8 indicates disease remission, >2.8 to 10 indicates low disease activity, >10 to 22 indicates moderate disease activity, and >22 indicates high disease activity.

DAS28-4 (CRP) was calculated from the SJC and TJC (both based on a 28-joint assessment), PtGA (assessed on a 0 to 10 cm VAS; higher scores indicate greater affection due to disease activity) and CRP (mg/L) using the following: DAS28-4(CRP) = 0.56*sqrt(TJC28) + 0.28*sqrt(SJC28) + 0.36*ln(CRP+1) + 0.014* PtGA (millimeters [mm]) + 0.96. Total score range: 0 to 9.4, higher score indicated higher disease activity. DAS28-4 (CRP) ≤3.2 indicates low disease activity, >3.2 to 5.1 indicates moderate to high disease activity, and less than (<) 2.6 indicates remission.

DAS28-4 (ESR) was calculated from the SJC and TJC (both based on a 28-joint assessment), PtGA (assessed on a 0 to 10 cm VAS; higher scores indicate greater affection due to disease activity) and ESR (mm/hour) using the following: DAS28-4(ESR) = 0.56*sqrt(TJC28) + 0.28*sqrt(SJC28) + 0.70*ln(ESR) + 0.014* PtGA (mm). Total score range: 0 to 9.4, higher score indicated higher disease activity. DAS28-3 (ESR) ≤3.2 indicates low disease activity, >3.2 to 5.1 indicates moderate to high disease activity, and <2.6 indicates remission.

To meet the ACR-EULAR Boolean remission criteria, a participant must satisfy all of the following: TJC ≤1 and SJC ≤1 (both based on a 28-joint assessment), CRP ≤1 mg/dL, and PtGA ≤1 on a 0 to 10 cm VAS (higher scores indicate greater affection due to disease activity).

SDAI is the numerical sum of five outcome parameters: TJC and SJC both based on a 28-joint assessment, PtGA and PGA both assessed on a 0 to 10 cm VAS (higher scores indicate greater affection due to disease activity), and CRP (mg/dL). SDAI total score ranges from 0 to 86. SDAI ≤3.3 indicates disease remission.

CDAI is the numerical sum of four outcome parameters: TJC and SJC both based on a 28-joint assessment, PtGA and PGA both assessed on a 0 to 10 cm VAS (higher scores indicate greater affection due to disease activity). CDAI total score ranges from 0 to 76. CDAI ≤2.8 indicates disease remission.

DAS28-4 (ESR) was calculated from the SJC and TJC (both based on a 28-joint assessment), PtGA (assessed on a 0 to 10 cm VAS; higher scores indicate greater affection due to disease activity) and ESR (mm/hour) using the following: DAS28-4(ESR) = 0.56*sqrt(TJC28) + 0.28*sqrt(SJC28) + 0.70*ln(ESR) + 0.014* PtGA (mm). Total score range: 0 to 9.4, higher score indicates higher disease activity. DAS28-4 (ESR) <2.6 indicates disease remission.

DAS28-4 (CRP) was calculated from the SJC and TJC (both based on a 28-joint assessment), PtGA (assessed on a 0 to 10 cm VAS; higher scores indicate greater affection due to disease activity) and CRP (mg/L) using the following: DAS28-4(CRP) = 0.56*sqrt(TJC28) + 0.28*sqrt(SJC28) + 0.36*ln(CRP+1) + 0.014* PtGA (mm) + 0.96. Total score range: 0 to 9.4, higher score indicates higher disease activity. DAS28-4 (CRP) <2.6 indicates remission.

SDAI is the numerical sum of five outcome parameters: TJC and SJC both based on a 28-joint assessment, PtGA and PGA both assessed on a 0 to 10 cm VAS (higher scores indicate greater affection due to disease activity), and CRP (mg/dL). SDAI total score ranges from 0 to 86. SDAI ≤3.3 indicates disease remission, >3.4 to 11 indicates low disease activity.

CDAI is the numerical sum of four outcome parameters: TJC and SJC both based on a 28-joint assessment, PtGA and PGA both assessed on a 0 to 10 cm VAS (higher scores indicate greater affection due to disease activity). CDAI total score ranges from 0 to 76. CDAI ≤2.8 indicates disease remission, >2.8 to 10 indicates low disease activity.

DAS28-4 (ESR) was calculated from the SJC and TJC (both based on a 28-joint assessment), PtGA (assessed on a 0 to 10 cm VAS; higher scores indicate greater affection due to disease activity) and ESR (mm/hour) using the following: DAS28-4(ESR) = 0.56*sqrt(TJC28) + 0.28*sqrt(SJC28) + 0.70*ln(ESR) + 0.014* PtGA (mm). Total score range: 0 to 9.4, higher score indicates higher disease activity. DAS28-4 (ESR) ≤3.2 indicates low disease activity.

DAS28-4 (CRP) was calculated from the SJC and TJC (both based on a 28-joint assessment), PtGA (assessed on a 0 to 10 cm VAS; higher scores indicate greater affection due to disease activity) and CRP (mg/L) using the following: DAS28-4(CRP) = 0.56*sqrt(TJC28) + 0.28*sqrt(SJC28) + 0.36*ln(CRP+1) + 0.014* PtGA + 0.96. Total score range: 0 to 9.4, higher score indicated higher disease activity. DAS28-4 (CRP) ≤3.2 indicates low disease activity.

ACR20 response is a ≥20% improvement in TJC or SJC and 20% improvement in 3 of the following 5 criteria: 1) PGA of disease activity, 2) PtGA of disease activity, 3) participant's assessment of pain, 4) participant's assessment of functional disability via a health assessment questionnaire, and 5) CRP at each visit.

ACR70 response is a ≥70% improvement in TJC or SJC and 70% improvement in 3 of the following 5 criteria: 1) PGA of disease activity, 2) PtGA of disease activity, 3) participant's assessment of pain, 4) participant's assessment of functional disability via a health assessment questionnaire, and 5) CRP at each visit.

The HAQ-DI is a participant-reported assessment of ability to perform tasks in 8 categories of daily living activities: dressing and grooming, arising, eating, walking, reach, grip, hygiene and other activities over the past week. Each activity category consists of 2 to 3 items. Each item is scored on 4-point scale from 0 to 3: 0=no difficulty; 1=some difficulty; 2=much difficulty; 3=unable to do. Any activity requiring assistance from another individual or the use of an assistive device adjusts to a minimum score of 2 to represent a more limited functional status. Overall score was computed as the sum of domain scores and divided by the number of domains answered. Total possible score ranges from 0 to 3 where 0 = least difficulty and 3 = extreme difficulty.

The HAQ-DI is a participant-reported assessment of ability to perform tasks in 8 categories of daily living activities: dressing and grooming, arising, eating, walking, reach, grip, hygiene and other activities over the past week. Each activity category consists of 2 to 3 items. Each item is scored on 4-point scale from 0 to 3: 0=no difficulty; 1=some difficulty; 2=much difficulty; 3=unable to do. Any activity requiring assistance from another individual or the use of an assistive device adjusts to a minimum score of 2 to represent a more limited functional status. Overall score was computed as the sum of domain scores and divided by the number of domains answered. Total possible score ranges from 0 to 3 where 0 = least difficulty and 3 = extreme difficulty. A decrease of 0.22 or more is considered a positive response.

The SF-36 health survey is a 36-item measure that evaluates 8 domains: physical functioning, role physical, bodily pain, general health, vitality, social functioning, role emotional, and mental health. The health domains are aggregated into two summary scores known as the physical component summary (PCS) score and the mental component summary (MCS) score. Normalized domain scores, PCS and MCS scores are used in the analyses. The component and domain scores were scored using the United States (US) 1998 general population norms. The resulting norm-based scores for both the SF-36 version 2 (v2) and SF-36 health domain scales and component summary measures have means of 50 and standard deviations of 10. A higher PCS score represents better physical health status.

The SF-36 health survey is a 36-item measure that evaluates 8 domains: physical functioning, role physical, bodily pain, general health, vitality, social functioning, role emotional, and mental health. The health domains are aggregated into two summary scores known as the PCS score and the MCS score. Normalized domain scores, PCS and MCS scores are used in the analyses. The component and domain scores were scored using the US 1998 general population norms. The resulting norm-based scores for both the SF-36 v2 and SF-36 health domain scales and component summary measures have means of 50 and standard deviations of 10. A higher MCS score represents better physical health status.

SF-36v2 acute is a 36-item measure evaluating 8 domains: physical functioning, role physical, bodily pain, general health, vitality, social functioning, role emotional, and mental health. The 10 items of the physical functioning scale represent levels and kinds of limitations between extremes of physical activities, including lifting and carrying groceries; climbing stairs; bending, kneeling, or stooping; walking moderate distances; self-care limitations. The physical functioning items capture the presence and extent of physical limitations using a 3-level response continuum. The domain scores were scored using the US 1998 general population norms. The resulting norm-based scores for both the SF-36 v2 and SF-36 health domain scales and component summary measures have means of 50 and standard deviations of 10. A higher physical functioning domain score represents better physical functioning.

SF-36v2 acute is a 36-item measure evaluating 8 domains: physical functioning, role physical, bodily pain, general health, vitality, social functioning, role emotional, and mental health. The 4-item role physical scale covers an array of physical health-related role limitations, including: a) limitations in the kind of work or other usual activities; b) reductions in the amount of time spent on work or other usual activities; c) difficulty performing work or other usual activities; and d) accomplishing less. Items in the role physical scale are answered on a 5-point scale. The domain scores were scored using the US 1998 general population norms. The resulting norm-based scores for both the SF-36 v2 and SF-36 health domain scales and component summary measures have means of 50 and standard deviations of 10. A higher role physical domain score represents better role physical functioning.

The SF-36v2 acute is a 36-item measure that evaluates 8 domains: physical functioning, role physical, bodily pain, general health, vitality, social functioning, role emotional, and mental health. The bodily pain scale comprises of 2 items pertaining to the intensity of bodily pain and extent of interference with normal work activities. The domain scores were scored using the US 1998 general population norms. The resulting norm-based scores for both the SF-36 v2 and SF-36 health domain scales and component summary measures have means of 50 and standard deviations of 10. A higher bodily pain domain score represents less bodily pain.

The SF-36v2 acute is a 36-item measure that evaluates 8 domains: physical functioning, role physical, bodily pain, general health, vitality, social functioning, role emotional, and mental health. The general health scale consists of 5 items including a rating of health and 4 items addressing the respondent's view and expectations of his or her health. The domain scores were scored using the US 1998 general population norms. The resulting norm-based scores for both the SF-36 v2 and SF-36 health domain scales and component summary measures have means of 50 and standard deviations of 10. A higher general health domain score represents better general health perceptions.

The SF-36v2 acute is a 36-item measure that evaluates 8 domains: physical functioning, role physical, bodily pain, general health, vitality, social functioning, role emotional, and mental health. The 4-item measure of vitality captures a broad range of subjective evaluations of well-being from feelings of tiredness and being worn out to feeling full of energy all or most of the time. The domain scores were scored using the US 1998 general population norms. The resulting norm-based scores for both the SF-36 v2 and SF-36 health domain scales and component summary measures have means of 50 and standard deviations of 10. A higher vitality domain score represents better vitality.

The SF-36v2 acute is a 36-item measure that evaluates 8 domains: physical functioning, role physical, bodily pain, general health, vitality, social functioning, role emotional, and mental health. The 2-item social functioning scale assesses health-related effects on quantity and quality of social activities. The domain scores were scored using the US 1998 general population norms. The resulting norm-based scores for both the SF-36 v2 and SF-36 health domain scales and component summary measures have means of 50 and standard deviations of 10. A higher social functioning domain score represents better social functioning.

The SF-36v2 acute is a 36-item measure that evaluates 8 domains: physical functioning, role physical, bodily pain, general health, vitality, social functioning, role emotional, and mental health. The 3-item role emotional scale assesses mental health-related role limitations in terms of a) time spent in work or other usual activities; b) amount of work or activities accomplished; c) care with which work or other activities were performed. All 3 items are answered on a 5-point scale. The domain scores were scored using the US 1998 general population norms. The resulting norm-based scores for both the SF-36 v2 and SF-36 health domain scales and component summary measures have means of 50 and standard deviations of 10. A higher role emotional domain score represents better role emotional functioning.

The SF-36v2 acute is a 36-item measure that evaluates 8 domains: physical functioning, role physical, bodily pain, general health, vitality, social functioning, role emotional, and mental health. The 5-item mental health scale includes 1 or more items from each of 4 major mental health dimensions: anxiety, depression, loss of behavioral/emotional control, and psychological well-being. All items are answered on a 5-point scale. The domain scores were scored using the US 1998 general population norms. The resulting norm-based scores for both the SF-36 v2 and SF-36 health domain scales and component summary measures have means of 50 and standard deviations of 10. A higher mental health domain score represents better mental health functioning.

The WPAI: Rheumatoid Arthritis is a 6 item questionnaire that is specific for rheumatoid arthritis and yields four types of scores: absenteeism, presenteesism (impairment at work/reduced job effectiveness), work productivity loss and activity impairment. WPAI outcomes are expressed as impairment percentages ranging from 0 to 100, with higher numbers indicating greater impairment and less productivity.

The EQ-5D is a participant rated questionnaire to assess health-related quality of life in terms of a single utility score. Health State Profile component assesses level of current health for 5 domains: mobility, self-care, usual activities, pain and discomfort, and anxiety and depression; 1 indicates better health state (no problems); 3 indicates worst health state ("confined to bed"). This profile of scores across the 5-dimensions (e.g. 11231, 33212, etc.) is transformed into a single health utility score using a formula developed by the EuroQol Group that applies country specific preference weights. Score is transformed and results in a total score range -0.594 to 1.000; higher score indicates a better health state. The VAS component rated the current health state on a scale ranging from 0 (worst imaginable health state) to 100 (best imaginable health state); higher scores indicating a better health state.

FACIT-F is a 13-item questionnaire. Participants scored each item on a 5-point scale: 0 (not at all) to 4 (very much). The larger the participant's response (with the exception of 2 negatively stated), the greater the participant's fatigue. For all questions, except for the 2 negatively stated ones, the code was reversed and a new score was calculated as (4 minus the participant's response). The sum of all responses resulted in the FACIT-Fatigue score for a total possible score of 0 (worse score) to 52 (better score).