Ambulatory Heart Failure Service Model Study

Inclusion criteria

• Dyspnoea (exertional or at rest) and 2 of the following signs:
• Congestion on chest X-ray
• Rales on chest auscultation
• Clinically relevant oedema (e.g. ≥1+ on a 0 to 3+ scale)
• Elevated jugular venous pressure
• NT-proBNP ≥300 pg/mL (Patients with AF: NT-proBNP ≥900 pg/mL)
• Heart failure hospitalization that requires the treatment of a minimum single dose of 40 mg of i.v. furosemide (or equivalent i.v loop diuretics)
• Ambulatory patients

Exclusion criteria

• Cardiogenic shock required inotropics
• Cardiac mechanical support implantation like LVAD
• Life expectancy less than 1 year due to underlying significant comorbidities like metastatic cancer or end-stage COPD
• Haemodynamically severe uncorrected primary cardiac valvular disease planned for surgery or intervention during the course of the study.
• End stage renal failure or eGFR <15 mL/min/1.73m2 as measured during index hospitalization or requiring dialysis