Aging With Long Term Physical Disabilities

The In-Home Occupational Performance Evaluation (I-HOPE) activity score measures current activity patterns of participants across 44 activities. The score ranges from 0 to 1.0, with a higher score indicating fewer problematic activities for the participant.

The In-Home Occupational Performance Evaluation (I-HOPE) performance score is a mean rating across up to 10 participant-prioritized activities on a scale of 1 (unable to perform the activity at all) to 5 (able to perform the activity without difficulty).

The In-Home Occupational Performance Evaluation (I-HOPE) satisfaction score is a mean rating across up to 10 participant-prioritized activities on a scale of 1 (not satisfied at all with the performance of the activity) to 5 (very satisfied with their performance of the activity).

The In-Home Occupational Performance Evaluation (I-HOPE) barrier severity score is a total sum of barrier ratings (0=independent with/without a device, 1=stand-by assistance needed, 2=minimum assistance needed, 3=moderate assistance needed, 4=maximum assistance needed, 5=no activity) for all identified barriers across up to 10 prioritized activities. Multiple barriers could be identified for each prioritized activity. Higher scores indicate greater barrier severity. There is no maximum score.

The Reintegration to Normal Living Index is a disability-related quality-of life-instrument that will be used to measure participants' satisfaction with their home and community participation and has been validated on a population of community-dwelling individuals with chronic conditions. It uses an 11-item, 10 point visual analog scale with higher scores indicating greater reintegration to normal living. The sum score is divided by 110 and then multiplied by 100 to obtain an adjusted score. Adjusted scores range from 0 to 100, with higher scores indicating greater reintegration to normal living.

The Westmead Home Safety Assessment (WeHSA) short form is a performance-based assessment of fall hazards in different spaces of the home (e.g., kitchen, bathroom, hallway, bedroom etc.). WeSHA scores indicate the total number of environmental fall hazards in the home.

The Fall Prevention Strategy Survey is a self-report instrument addressing protective behaviors related to fall risk among adults. It is an 11-item survey, scores range from 0 to 22 with higher scores indicating use of more fall prevention strategies.

This scale comprises 25 diverse activities across four participation domains: routines, recreation, responsibilities, and relationships. Ratings were on a five-point Likert-type scale regarding the frequency of participation, the importance of the activity, and their self-efficacy in completing it. We calculated the ratio of number of important/very important activities they could perform very much/as much as they wanted (numerator) to the number of important/very important activities (denominator).

Participants reported monthly on the number of falls they experienced in the past month. A fall was defined as an unexpected event in which a person comes to rest on the ground, floor, or a lower level. Fall rates were calculated as the number of falls per 1000 observed participant days.