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Completed

NCT Number: NCT04815460

Aerobic Interval and Moderate Continuous Exercise Training on Ventricular Functions

Hypoxic exposure increases right ventricular (RV) afterload by triggering pulmonary hypertension, with consequent effects on the structure and function of the RV. Improved myocardial contractility is a critical circulatory adaptation to exercise training. However, the types of exercise that enhance right cardiac mechanics during hypoxic stress have not yet been identified. This study investigated how high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) influence right cardiac mechanics during hypoxic exercise (HE).

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Key information

Conditions

Healthy Exercise Training High Intensity Interval Training

Age range

20 year–30 year

Sex eligibility

Male

Study type

Interventional

Phase

Not applicable

Primary location

Chang Gung University

Taoyuan, 333, Taiwan

About this study

Hypoxic exposure increases right ventricular (RV) afterload by triggering pulmonary hypertension, with consequent effects on the structure and function of the RV. Improved myocardial contractility is a critical circulatory adaptation to exercise training. However, the types of exercise that enhance right cardiac mechanics during hypoxic stress have not yet been identified. This study investigated how high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) influence right cardiac mechanics during hypoxic exercise (HE).

The young and healthy sedentary males were randomly selected to engage in either HIIT (3-min intervals at 40% and 80% of VO2 oxygen uptake reserve) or MICT (sustained 60% of VO2 oxygen uptake reserve) for 30 min/day and 5 days/week for 6 weeks or were included in a control group (CTL) that did not engage in any exercise. Right cardiac mechanics during semiupright bicycle exercise tests under hypoxic conditions (i.e., 50 watts under 12% FiO2 for 3 min) were measured using two-dimensional speckle-tracking echocardiography. The primary outcome was the change in right cardiac mechanics during semiupright bicycle exercise under hypoxic conditions (i.e., 50 watts under 12% FiO2 for 3 min) as measured by two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography.

Who can participate

Healthy volunteers accepted: Yes

Only the study team can determine whether someone qualifies for participation.

Inclusion criteria

  • Having a sedentary lifestyle (without regular exercise, exercise frequency ≤ once weekly, duration < 20 min).

Exclusion criteria

  • Exposed to high altitudes (> 3000 m) for at least 1 year.
  • Smoker
  • Taking medications or vitamins
  • Having any cardiopulmonary/hematological risk.

Treatment and study plan

High intensity-interval training (HIIT)

Behavioral

Subjects performed HIIT (3-min intervals at 40% and 80%VO2peak) on a bicycle ergometer for 30 min/day, 5 days/week for 6 weeks.

Moderate intensity-continuous (MICT)

Behavioral

Subjects performed MICT (sustained 60%VO 2max) on a bicycle ergometer for 30 min/day, 5 days/week for 6 weeks.

Primary outcomes

  1. The changes of right cardiac mechanics during hypoxia stress echocardiography: Strain

    Time frame: 8 weeks

    • Hypoxia stress echocardiography was collected under hypoxic conditions (12% FiO2) and used two-dimensional Speckle-tracking echocardiography.
    • The resting images were acquired after the subject was placed in the aforementioned position for 10 min.
    • The exercise images were conducted using semirecumbent cycling with a 50-Watt resistance for 3 min and acquired at the third minute of cycling to ensure that subjects had reached a steady-state HR (i.e., HR changes <10 bpm within 10 s and <110-120 bpm).
    • A modified apical four-chamber view was used to assess 2D-STE longitudinal and radial parameters of the RV and RA.
    • The RV strain was calculated using the average peak segmental values displayed by the software using a 6-segment model.

  2. The changes of right cardiac mechanics during hypoxia stress echocardiography: Strain rate

    Time frame: 8 weeks

    • Hypoxia stress echocardiography was collected under hypoxic conditions (12% FiO2) and used two-dimensional Speckle-tracking echocardiography.
    • The resting images were acquired after the subject was placed in the aforementioned position for 10 min.
    • The exercise images were conducted using semirecumbent cycling with a 50-Watt resistance for 3 min and acquired at the third minute of cycling to ensure that subjects had reached a steady-state HR (i.e., HR changes <10 bpm within 10 s and <110-120 bpm).
    • A modified apical four-chamber view was used to assess 2D-STE longitudinal and radial parameters of the RV and RA.
    • The RV strain rate was calculated using the average peak segmental values displayed by the software using a 6-segment model.

Secondary outcomes

  1. Cardiopulmonary fitness

    Time frame: 8 weeks

    To assess cardiopulmonary fitness, cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) on a cycle ergometer was performed 4 days before and after the intervention. All subjects underwent exercise with a mask to measured oxygen consumption (VO2) breath by breath using a computer-based system (Master Screen CPX, Cardinal-health Germany).

  2. The cavity diameters of RV

    Time frame: 8 weeks

    RV basal cavity diameter (RVD1), mid-cavity diameter (RVD2), and RV longitudinal diameter (RVD3), at end-diastole and end-systole, were evaluated in the modified apical four-chamber view.

  3. Pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR)

    Time frame: 8 weeks

    Pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) was calculated using the formula PVR = ([tricuspid regurgitation velocity/RVOT VTI] × 10 + 0.16)

    • Tricuspid regurgitation velocity: Doppler imaging was used to measure peak tricuspid regurgitation velocities in systolic phase.
    • The RV outflow tract (RVOT): obtained from a parasternal short-axis base view modified apical four-chamber view, and the flow immediately proximal to the pulmonary artery valve during systole was detected to calculate both maximal velocity and pulsed-wave blood velocity time integral (VTI)

  4. RV diastolic function

    Time frame: 8 weeks

    Doppler imaging was used to measure peak tricuspid annular (E') and flow velocities (E) in early diastole.

  5. Tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE)

    Time frame: 8 weeks

    Tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE) measures the longitudinal excursion of the tricuspid annulus in one dimension, which was measured by M-mode.

Sponsors and collaborators

Lead sponsor

Chang Gung Memorial Hospital

Other

Collaborators

  • Chang Gung University
  • National Science and Technology Council, Taiwan

Registry information

Important dates

Study start
2016
Primary completion
2017
Study completion
2017
First posted
Mar 25, 2021
Registry last updated
Mar 25, 2021

OpenTrials presents study information sourced from ClinicalTrials.gov. The official registry record should be consulted for the latest information.

View the official ClinicalTrials.gov record (opens in a new tab)

This listing is for discovery and informational purposes only. It is not medical advice, does not guarantee that a study is recruiting, and does not determine eligibility. Contact the study team and a qualified healthcare professional when considering participation.

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