Adrenaline Reduces Ecchymoses and Hematomas and Improves Quality of Life After Classic Saphenous Vein Stripping

The absolute number of subcutaneous ecchymoses on the operated limb on 1st post-operative day

The absolute number of subcutaneous ecchymoses on the operated limb on 8th post-operative day

The absolute number of subcutaneous ecchymoses on the operated limb on 14th post-operative day

The absolute number of subcutaneous hematomas in the operated limb on 1st post-operative day

The absolute number of subcutaneous hematomas in the operated limb on 8th post-operative day

The absolute number of subcutaneous hematomas in the operated limb on 14th post-operative day

The total area in mm2 of subcutaneous ecchymoses in the operated limb on 1st post-operative day

The total area in mm2 of subcutaneous ecchymoses in the operated limb on 8th post-operative day

The total area in mm2 of subcutaneous ecchymoses in the operated limb on 14th post-operative day

The total area in mm2 of subcutaneous hematomas in the operated limb on 1st post-operative day

The total area in mm2 of subcutaneous hematomas in the operated limb on 8th post-operative day

The total area in mm2 of subcutaneous hematomas in the operated limb on 14th post-operative day

Quality of life assessment based on the 36-Item Short Form Survey (SF-36) questionnaire preoperatively. It is an often-used, well-researched, self-reported measure of health. It stems from a study called the Medical Outcomes Study. It taps eight health concepts: physical functioning, bodily pain, role limitations due to physical health problems, role limitations due to personal or emotional problems, emotional well-being, social functioning, energy/fatigue, and general health perceptions. It also includes a single item that provides an indication of perceived change in health. The eight scaled scores, which are the weighted sums of the questions in their section are directly transformed into a 0-100 scale on the assumption that each question carries equal weight. The lower the score the more disability. The higher the score the less disability i.e., a score of zero is equivalent to maximum disability and a score of 100 is equivalent to no disability.

Quality of life assessment based on the 36-Item Short Form Survey (SF-36) questionnaire 30 days post-operatively. It is an often-used, well-researched, self-reported measure of health. It stems from a study called the Medical Outcomes Study. It taps eight health concepts: physical functioning, bodily pain, role limitations due to physical health problems, role limitations due to personal or emotional problems, emotional well-being, social functioning, energy/fatigue, and general health perceptions. It also includes a single item that provides an indication of perceived change in health. The eight scaled scores, which are the weighted sums of the questions in their section are directly transformed into a 0-100 scale on the assumption that each question carries equal weight. The lower the score the more disability. The higher the score the less disability i.e., a score of zero is equivalent to maximum disability and a score of 100 is equivalent to no disability.

Quality of life assessment based on the ChronIc Venous Insufficiency quality of life Questionnaire version 2 (CIVIQ-2) questionnaire preoperatively. The CIVIQ was developed and validated (relevance, acceptability, reliability, construct validity, and sensitivity) by French researchers in 1996. The CIVIQ is a 20-item self-reported instrument that includes four categories of questions: physical (4 items), psychological (9 items), social (4 items), and pain (3 items). Its score ranges from 0, the worst score, to 100, the best. There are five possible answers (from 1 to 5) to describe each symptom and the sensation of discomfort. The second version, the CIVIQ-2 (where 2 denotes the second draft of the same questionnaire), provides a global score covering all aspects of the questionnaire and weighs the categories equally.

Quality of life assessment based on the CIVIQ-2 questionnaire 1 month post-operatively. Quality of life assessment based on the ChronIc Venous Insufficiency quality of life Questionnaire version 2 (CIVIQ-2) questionnaire preoperatively. The CIVIQ was developed and validated (relevance, acceptability, reliability, construct validity, and sensitivity) by French researchers in 1996. The CIVIQ is a 20-item self-reported instrument that includes four categories of questions: physical (4 items), psychological (9 items), social (4 items), and pain (3 items). Its score ranges from 0, the worst score, to 100, the best. There are five possible answers (from 1 to 5) to describe each symptom and the sensation of discomfort. The second version, the CIVIQ-2 (where 2 denotes the second draft of the same questionnaire), provides a global score covering all aspects of the questionnaire and weighs the categories equally.

Hematocrit (HCT) measured pre-operatively, in percentage (%).

Hematocrit (HCT) measured post-operatively, in percentage (%).

Hemoglobin (Hgb) measured pre-operatively, in mg/dL.

Hemoglobin (Hgb) measured post-operatively, in mg/dL.

White blood cells (WBC) count measured pre-operatively, in K/mcL.

White blood cells (WBC) count measured post-operatively, in K/mcL.

Platelet count (PLT) measured pre-operatively, in K/mcL.

Platelet count (PLT) measured post-operatively, in K/mcL.

Fibrinogen (FIB) measured pre-operatively, in mg/dL.

Fibrinogen (FIB) measured post-operatively, in mg/dL.

Erythrocyte sedimentation rate on the 1st hour, measured pre-operatively, in millimeters (mm).

Erythrocyte sedimentation rate on the 1st hour, measured post-operatively, in millimeters (mm).

Serum C-reactive protein (CRP) measured pre-operatively, in mg/L.

Serum C-reactive protein (CRP) measured post-operatively, in mg/L.

Pain experienced pre-operatively assessed by a numeric rating pain scale (0-10). Numeric Rating Scale (NRS-11) is an 11-point scale for patient self-reporting of pain. It is for adults and children 10 years old or older. 0 indicates no pain, 5 moderate and 10 worst possible pain.

Pain experienced pre-operatively assessed by a numeric rating pain scale (0-10). Numeric Rating Scale (NRS-11) is an 11-point scale for patient self-reporting of pain. It is for adults and children 10 years old or older. 0 indicates no pain, 5 moderate and 10 worst possible pain.

Pain experienced pre-operatively assessed by a numeric rating pain scale (0-10). Numeric Rating Scale (NRS-11) is an 11-point scale for patient self-reporting of pain. It is for adults and children 10 years old or older. 0 indicates no pain, 5 moderate and 10 worst possible pain.

Pain experienced pre-operatively assessed by a numeric rating pain scale (0-10). Numeric Rating Scale (NRS-11) is an 11-point scale for patient self-reporting of pain. It is for adults and children 10 years old or older. 0 indicates no pain, 5 moderate and 10 worst possible pain.