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Completed

NCT Number: NCT06771752

Adherence to 24-Hour Movement Guidelines and Association With Diet Quality in Multi-Disciplinary Football Team Staff

The goal of this observational study is to assess whether adherence to 24-hour movement guidelines is associated with diet quality in professional football staff, an underrepresented population affected by irregular schedules, travel, and high-pressure environments. The main objectives are to:

* Assess and describe the sleep quality of football sports staff * Measure and contextualise the adherence to 24-hour movement guidelines in football sports staff * Analyse and describe the diet quality of football sports staff * Describe correlations between job title, gender and location for physical movement and diet quality

Participants will answer a questionnaire that incorporates:

* Personal descriptives (height, weight, age, location, job title) * Data on physical activity (movement, sleep, sedentary behaviour, strength training, screen time) based on the Canadian 24-hour Movement Guidelines * The Mini-EAT dietary screening tool that evaluates diet quality (intake of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, dairy, and sweets)

Statistical analyses will examine adherence levels, diet quality and the potential associations, aiming at informing health and performance strategies for football staff.

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Key information

Conditions

Physical Activity Behavior Diet Quality Motor Activity Soccer Staff

Age range

18 year–65 year

Sex eligibility

All sexes

Study type

Observational

Primary location

University Ramon Llull

Barcelona, 08025, Spain

About this study

This study investigates the relationship between adherence to 24-hour movement guidelines and diet quality among professional football sports staff, addressing the challenges posed by irregular schedules, travel and high-pressure environments. The aim is to determine whether staff meet the health recommendations they advocate for players and to inform strategies that enhance their health and performance. Using an observational and cross-sectional research design, the study will collect data on physical activity according to the Canadian 24-hour Movement Guidelines to assess adherence, and the validated Mini-EAT dietary screening tool to evaluate diet quality. The dependent variables include factors such as physical activity levels moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), light physical activity (LPA), sedentary time, sleep quality and consistency, strength training, sedentary breaks, and screen time usage. Diet quality is assessed through the frequency of intake of various food groups (e.g., fruits, vegetables, legumes, whole grains, dairy, and sweets) and summarised with an overall diet quality score. There is a minimum of 229 participants required and the questionnaire will be distributed to individuals with confirmed employment of football staff, football clubs and universities with football teams. Statistical analyses will include descriptive statistics to summarise participant characteristics, adherence levels, and diet quality scores, MANOVA, Shapiro-Wilk to assess normality, with Pearson's or Spearman's correlations (depending on normality distribution) to examine associations between adherence scores and diet quality. Chi-square tests will identify relationships between categorical adherence levels and diet quality. These findings will inform targeted interventions to improve health outcomes for football staff, enabling them to better support players while maintaining their own performance. The proposed start date of the study is January 2025.

Who can participate

Healthy volunteers accepted: Yes

Only the study team can determine whether someone qualifies for participation.

Inclusion criteria

  • Individuals who work in football / soccer in professional leagues or semi-professional leagues in both men's and women's teams
  • Individuals aged between 18 and 65
  • Individuals who have confirmed status of their occupation on LinkedIn or football club website

Exclusion criteria

  • Jobs in other sports besides football / soccer
  • No public profile on LinkedIn or football club website to confirm job status
  • No signing of the consent form in the questionnaire

Treatment and study plan

Questionnaire

Other

The questionnaire will be made comprised of the questions taken from the Whole Day Matters Toolkit (WDMT) 24-hour movement questionnaire (The Canadian Society for Exercise Physiology, 2021), which is based on the official 24-hour movement guidelines (Ross et al., 2020) (see appendix). For diet quality, Mini-EAT, a short dietary screening tool will be used (Lara-Breitinger et al., 2023) (see appendix). The questionnaire will be open for two months during the football mid-season time period (January 15th to March 15th). The principal investigator will distribute the questionnaire digitally via Google Forms. It will be sent directly to sports staff professionals, individually and to football clubs and to universities to distribute to their cohort. Only people with the link will be able to access the questionnaire. Participants will answer the questionnaire, which will take roughly 10 minutes, completing the intervention.

Other names: Whole Day Matters Toolkit: 24-hour movement questionnaire by The Canadian Society for Exercise Physiology, Mini-Eat dietary questionnaire

Primary outcomes

  1. Moderate-to-Vigorous Physical Activity Time

    Time frame: From enrollment to the end of assessment

    Ratio scale, measured in minutes per week. From 0 minutes (low adherence) to 240+ minutes (high adherence).

    Question from the Whole Day Matters Toolkit: 24-hour movement questionnaire from The Canadian Society for Exercise Physiology.

  2. Light Physical Activity Time

    Time frame: From enrollment to the end of assessment

    Ratio scale, measured in hours per day. From 1 hours (low adherence) to 10+ hours (high adherence).

    Question from the Whole Day Matters Toolkit: 24-hour movement questionnaire from The Canadian Society for Exercise Physiology.

  3. Sedentary Time

    Time frame: From enrollment to the end of assessment

    Ratio scale, measured in hours per day. From 1 hour (high adherence) to 10+ hours (low adherence).

    Question from the Whole Day Matters Toolkit: 24-hour movement questionnaire from The Canadian Society for Exercise Physiology.

  4. Sleep Duration

    Time frame: From enrollment to the end of assessment

    Ratio scale, measured in hours per day. From 1 hours (low adherence) to 10+ hours (high adherence).

    Question from the Whole Day Matters Toolkit: 24-hour movement questionnaire from The Canadian Society for Exercise Physiology.

  5. Frequency of Fruit Intake

    Time frame: From enrollment to the end of assessment

    Ordinal scale. Scored from 0 ("Do not eat it at all") to 9 ("4 or more servings per day"). Question from validated Mini-Eat questionnaire.

  6. Frequency of Vegetable Intake

    Time frame: From enrollment to the end of assessment

    Ordinal scale. Scored from 0 ("Do not eat it at all") to 9 ("4 or more servings per day"). Question from validated Mini-Eat questionnaire.

  7. Frequency of Sweets Intake

    Time frame: From enrollment to the end of assessment

    Ordinal scale. Scored from 9 ("Do not eat it at all") to 0 ("4 or more servings per day"). Question from validated Mini-Eat questionnaire.

  8. Frequency of Whole Grain Intake

    Time frame: From enrollment to the end of assessment

    Ordinal scale. Scored from 0 ("Do not eat it at all") to 9 ("4 or more servings per day"). Question from validated Mini-Eat questionnaire.

  9. Diet Quality Summary Score

    Time frame: From enrollment to the end of assessment

    Accumulation of diet quality scores from Mini-Eat validated questions. A score of <61 is Unhealthy / Poor diet, a score between 60 and 68.9 is Intermediate / Diet needs improvement, a score of >69 is Healthy / Comparable to scores of >80.

Secondary outcomes

  1. Strength Training Frequency

    Time frame: From enrollment to the end of assessment

    To determine whether participants do strength training exercises at least twice weekly. Nominal scale, with two possible values: Yes (high adherence) or No (low adherence).

    Question from the Whole Day Matters Toolkit: 24-hour movement questionnaire from The Canadian Society for Exercise Physiology.

  2. Sedentary Breaks

    Time frame: From enrollment to the end of assessment

    To identify whether participants interrupt prolonged sedentary periods. Nominal scale, with two possible values: Yes (high adherence) or No (low adherence).

    Question from the Whole Day Matters Toolkit: 24-hour movement questionnaire from The Canadian Society for Exercise Physiology.

  3. Screen Time Adherence

    Time frame: From enrollment to the end of assessment

    To evaluate whether participants limit daily recreational screen time to 3 hours or less. Nominal scale, with two possible values: Yes (high adherence) or No (low adherence).

    Question from the Whole Day Matters Toolkit: 24-hour movement questionnaire from The Canadian Society for Exercise Physiology.

  4. Frequency of Legumes, Nuts, and Seeds Intake

    Time frame: From enrollment to the end of assessment

    Ordinal scale. Scored from 0 ("Did not eat it at all") to 9 ("4 or more servings per day"). Question from validated Mini-Eat questionnaire.

  5. Frequency of Fish or Seafood Intake

    Time frame: From enrollment to the end of assessment

    Ordinal scale. Scored from 0 ("Did not eat it at all") to 9 ("4 or more servings per day"). Question from validated Mini-Eat questionnaire.

  6. Frequency of Refined Grain Intake

    Time frame: From enrollment to the end of assessment

    Ordinal scale. Scored from 9 ("Did not eat it at all") to 0 ("4 or more servings per day"). Question from validated Mini-Eat questionnaire.

  7. Frequency of High-Fat Dairy and Saturated Fats Intake

    Time frame: From enrollment to the end of assessment

    Ordinal scale. Scored from 9 ("Did not eat it at all") to 0 ("4 or more servings per day"). Question from validated Mini-Eat questionnaire.

  8. Frequency of Low-Fat Dairy Intake

    Time frame: From enrollment to the end of assessment

    Ordinal scale. Scored from 0 ("Did not eat it at all") to 9 ("4 or more servings per day"). Question from validated Mini-Eat questionnaire.

Sponsors and collaborators

Lead sponsor

University Ramon Llull

Other

Registry information

Important dates

Study start
2025
Primary completion
2025
Study completion
2025
First posted
Jan 13, 2025
Registry last updated
Mar 20, 2025

OpenTrials presents study information sourced from ClinicalTrials.gov. The official registry record should be consulted for the latest information.

View the official ClinicalTrials.gov record (opens in a new tab)

This listing is for discovery and informational purposes only. It is not medical advice, does not guarantee that a study is recruiting, and does not determine eligibility. Contact the study team and a qualified healthcare professional when considering participation.

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