ADDIE-Based Training Program for Nurses on Medical Device-Related Pressure Injuries

Medical device-related pressure injuries (MDRPIs) are localized damage to the skin or underlying tissue resulting from sustained pressure caused by medical devices used for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes. These injuries are increasingly reported across healthcare settings, particularly in intensive care units, where patients are exposed to prolonged device use and multiple risk factors. MDRPIs negatively affect patient safety, prolong hospital stays, and increase healthcare costs.

Previous studies have demonstrated that nurses' knowledge and practices regarding MDRPI prevention and management are often insufficient. Factors such as lack of structured education, limited clinical training, and inadequate awareness contribute to suboptimal care practices. Therefore, developing evidence-based and structured educational interventions is essential to improve nurses' competencies in this area.

The ADDIE model (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation) is a systematic instructional design framework widely used to develop effective educational programs. This model allows for the identification of learning needs, structured content development, and evaluation of learning outcomes.

The aim of this study is to develop an ADDIE model-based training program for nurses on MDRPI prevention and care and to evaluate its effectiveness. The study is designed as a single-group pretest-posttest pre-experimental study.

The study will be conducted in the intensive care units of a state hospital with nurses who meet the inclusion criteria and provide informed consent. The training program will be delivered face-to-face using structured educational materials, including presentations, case examples, and supporting documents.

Data will be collected at three time points: before the intervention (pretest), immediately after the intervention (posttest), and one month after the intervention (follow-up). Data collection tools will include a nurse information form, a validated MDRPI knowledge scale, and a training evaluation questionnaire.

The primary outcome of the study is the change in nurses' knowledge levels regarding MDRPIs. Secondary outcomes include the relationship between knowledge levels and selected demographic and professional variables, as well as participants' satisfaction with the training program.

The results of this study are expected to contribute to improving nursing care quality and patient safety by enhancing nurses' knowledge and supporting the prevention and effective management of MDRPIs.

Inclusion criteria

Nurses working in the intensive care units of the study hospital Having at least 6 months of continuous work experience in the intensive care unit Voluntarily agreeing to participate in the study Providing written informed consent Agreeing to attend the training program and complete all measurement time points (pretest, posttest, and follow-up)

Exclusion criteria

Nurses who are transferred to another unit or leave the institution during the study period Nurses who do not fully attend the training program Nurses who fail to complete any of the data collection tools at any measurement time point Nurses who withdraw from the study at any stage