Adapted Physical Activity and Prevention of Cardiovascular Risk in Elderly People Living With HIV:Comparative Study

evaluated by summing the participant's factors contributing to heart rate variability. The Neurocoach records a 24-hour electrocardiogram (ECG). From this 24-hour recording, 3 types of variable are given, cardiac arrhythmias, Autonomic nervous system (ANS) activity, Sleep apnea parameters. the punctual analysis of the neurocoach recording makes it possible to highlight atrial fibrillation (AF) and sleep apnea, factors known to promote the risk of a cardiovascular accident

evaluated by summing the participant's cardiovascular risk factors. The cardiovascular risk factors assess were metabolic disorders(Total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, Triglyceride), smoking, physical inactivity, alcohol consumption (defined by an AUDIT score ≥ 8), overweight or obesity, hypertension, and diabetes. The cardiovascular risk was considered high if the subject had a combination of at least 3 cardiovascular risk factors.

<190mg/dl = normal and >190 mg/dl = high

Men (> 55 mg /dl = normal; 35 - 55 mg/dl = intermidiate; < 35 mg/dl = low ) women (> 65 mg/dl = normal; 45 - 65 mg/dl = intermidiate, < 45 mg/dl = low)

Normal: <150 mg/dl, slightly elevated: 150-200mg/dl, high 200 - 500 mg/dl and very high ≥ 500 mg/dl

Atrial fibrillation occurs when action potentials fire very rapidly within the pulmonary veins or atrium in a chaotic manner. Because the atrial rate is so fast, and the action potentials produced are of such low amplitude, P waves will not be seen on the ECG in patients with atrial fibrillation.

the Neurocoach is worn by the participant overnight, allowing the investigator to analyze their nightly ECG recording.

Heart rate allows to count sleep apnea events. Neurocoach records a 24-hour electrocardiogram (ECG). From this 24-hour recording a sleep apnea are notice throw heart rate decreases due to the stretching of mechanical receptors of the lungs. Once the ventilation resumes, heart rate increases due to the hypoxia stimuli accumulated during the apnea. These swings in heart rate allow to quantify sleep apnea.

AHI (Apnea/Hypopnea Index): number of breaths stopped (apneas) or number of shallow breaths (hypopneas) per hour of sleep.

• From 5 to 15 ...... Mild Sleep Apnoea Syndrome
• 15 to 30 .... Moderate Sleep Apnoea Syndrome
• More than 30 ..... Severe Sleep Apnoea Syndrome.

Neurocoach records a 24-hour electrocardiogram (ECG). From this 24-hour recording the variations of the RR intervals which are dependent on the innervation by the Autonomic Nervous System (ANS) which modify the RR intervals on short terms, from one interval to the other, as well as on longer terms.From the analysis of the variations of this intervals, one can deduce the activity of the ANS

The parasympathetic and sympathetic variables are better separated using Fourier Transform:

• High Frequency (HF 0,15 et 0,4 Hz.) gives the parasympathetic activity
• Low frequency (LF 0,04 et 0,15 Hz) gives the sympathetic activity
• The LF/HF ratio gives the equilibrium between both activities Ratio < 2 .......... balanced sympathetic-vagal balance
• 2 < Ratio < 4 .... slightly unbalanced sympathetic-vagal balance
• 4 < Ratio < 6 .... unbalanced sympathetic-vaginal balance
• 6 < Ratio .......... strongly unbalanced sympathetic-vagal balance

nomal range 5-15 pg/ml

Normal : 0.48 - 0.82 (woman < 60 years) 0.54 - 0.94 (man < 60 years) and 0.63 - 1.03 (≥ 60 years)

Low risk of developing cardiovascular disease (<1.0 mg / l); Average risk of developing cardiovascular disease (1.0 to 3.0 mg / L); High risk of developing cardiovascular disease (3.0-10.0 mg / L); Other cause of inflammation (> 10.0 mg / L)

Quantification of the most important probiotics in the gut microbiota (Faecalibacterium and Eubacterium) by RT-q PCR

The adapted physical activity will be administered remotely through the whatsApp or YouTube application. Two sessions will be done per week: Wednesday and Sunday. Walking seems to be appropriate for all participants. We will account for 24 APA sessions. We will leverage the Step Tracker phone application to get the number of steps doneand Workout duration (minute) per APA session; this data will be collected weekly

answering "yes" to the question do you smoke?

answering "yes" to the question do you consume alcohol?

3 modalities was defined according to BMI. Underweight (BMI < 18.5 Kg/m2), normal weight (18 ≤ BMI < 25 Kg/m²), overweight (25 ≤ BMI < 30 Kg/m²), obesity (BMI ≥ 30 Kg/m²).

Systolic blood pressure ≥ 140 mmHg or taking a hypotensive treatment.

diastolic ≥ 90 mmHg or taking a hypotensive treatment.