Acute Effects of Kinesiology Taping in Handball Players

Foot dorsiflexion and plantar flexion muscle strength were measured using a manual dynamometer (MicroFET2 (Hogan Inc., West Jordan, USA). This device; shows the peak force in Newtons on its own screen. Measurements were made in three repetitions after a 30-second records. The highest value was recorded.

Ankle proprioception was measured using Baseline Digital Inclinometer (New York, USA) device. This was measured on the dominant and non-dominant ankle with eyes open and eyes closed. Ankle dorsiflexion at 10 degrees, ankle plantar flexion at 11 degrees, and 25 degrees was measured in active reproduction test positions.

This was measured by standing long jump with the direction of movement develops from vertical to horizontal. The distance between the zero point and the last point of contact of the foot was measured in centimetres. Three repetitions were performed and the highest value was recorded.

Dynamic balance was measured with Y-balance test. The participant reached anterior, posteromedial, and posterolateral directions with one foot, while other foot was on the centre. The test was repeated three times in each direction and the average was recorded in centimetres.

Injury proneness was measured using Functional Movement Screen test. This test consists of seven different positions to measure strength, flexibility, balance and such various motor skills. The movements are deep squats, high stepping, single-line stepping forward, shoulder mobility, active straight leg raise, trunk stability push-ups, rotation stability. Each movement is scored between 0 and 3 points, the score that the participant can get from the test is between 0 and 21. It was scored 3 points if the movement was performed completely well, 2 points if the movement was performed with an error, 1 point if the movement was not performed according to the specified instruction, and 0 points if pain was experienced during the movements.