Activation-Socialization Intervention Program for Seniors

The Scale of Emotional Habituation of Subjective Well-Being - SEHP (Džuka & Dalbert, 2002) was used to examine the short-term effectiveness of the intervention programme. The self-esteem scale maps the frequency of experiencing positive and negative emotions, totalling 10. Negative emotional experiencing consists of six emotions such as anger, guilt, fear, pain, sadness, and shame, positive emotional experiencing consists of pleasure, physical freshness, joy, and happiness. The participants responded on a six-point scale (6 - almost always; 1 - almost never). The total score of negative emotions is the sum of negative emotions, and the total score of positive emotions is the sum of positive emotions (Džuka et al., 2021).

The Anxiety and Trait Anxiety Inventory - STAI (Spielberger et al., 1970, ed. Ruisel et al., 1980), specifically only the anxiety portion of the questionnaire, i.e., the Scale for the Measurement of Anxiety as a Condition, STAI X-1. This is the self-assessment portion of the questionnaire, which maps the degree of current experience of feelings of tension, tenseness, nervousness, fear, and apprehension. It contains 20 statements, some of which relate to the existence of these feelings and some of which relate to their absence. Seniors rated their experiencing on a four-point scale (4 - very, 1 - not at all). The result is a total score, which is obtained by summing the values on the scale taking into account reverse scaling. The range of the total score is 20-80. We based the norms on those presented in the manual by Ruisel et al. (1980).

Cohen-Mansfield Agitation Inventory - CMAI (Cohen-Mansfield, 1991), specifically CMAI-D, long version. It is an assessment questionnaire, designed for institutional staff, that reflects the manifestations and frequency of agitated behaviors among older persons living in the facility. It includes 29 manifestations of behaviour, and social workers rated the behaviour of the elderly during the last 2 weeks on a seven-point scale (7 - several times per hour, 1 - never). The total score is calculated by summing all items (Sánchez, 2016). It reaches values of 29-203, based on the information that a total score (greater than) > 45 indicates significant agitation (Cohen-Mansfield & al., 1989). Cohen-Mansfield (1991) used factor analysis to develop three factors of agitated behaviour that occur in a nursing home: factor 1 - aggressive behavior; factor 2 - physically non-aggressive behavior; factor 3 - verbally agitated behavior.

This is a questionnaire that maps client satisfaction with activities. It includes three statements, with clients expressing their level of agreement on a three-point scale (agree - have no strong opinion - disagree) in the areas of: re participation, usefulness and disinterest in the activities. It also includes three incomplete sentences that seniors complete at will. Responses reflect what clients learned/how the activities helped them, what they liked most about the activities, what they would remove from the activities.

The Scale of Emotional Habituation of Subjective Well-Being - SEHP (Džuka & Dalbert, 2002) was used to examine the short-term effectiveness of the intervention programme. The self-esteem scale maps the frequency of experiencing positive and negative emotions, totalling 10. Negative emotional experiencing consists of six emotions such as anger, guilt, fear, pain, sadness, and shame, positive emotional experiencing consists of pleasure, physical freshness, joy, and happiness. The participants responded on a six-point scale (6 - almost always; 1 - almost never). The total score of negative emotions is the sum of negative emotions, and the total score of positive emotions is the sum of positive emotions (Džuka et al., 2021).

The Anxiety and Trait Anxiety Inventory - STAI (Spielberger et al., 1970, ed. Ruisel et al., 1980), specifically only the anxiety portion of the questionnaire, i.e., the Scale for the Measurement of Anxiety as a Condition, STAI X-1. This is the self-assessment portion of the questionnaire, which maps the degree of current experience of feelings of tension, tenseness, nervousness, fear, and apprehension. It contains 20 statements, some of which relate to the existence of these feelings and some of which relate to their absence. Seniors rated their experiencing on a four-point scale (4 - very, 1 - not at all). The result is a total score, which is obtained by summing the values on the scale taking into account reverse scaling. The range of the total score is 20-80. We based the norms on those presented in the manual by Ruisel et al. (1980).

Cohen-Mansfield Agitation Inventory - CMAI (Cohen-Mansfield, 1991), specifically CMAI-D, long version. It is an assessment questionnaire, designed for institutional staff, that reflects the manifestations and frequency of agitated behaviors among older persons living in the facility. It includes 29 manifestations of behaviour, and social workers rated the behaviour of the elderly during the last 2 weeks on a seven-point scale (7 - several times per hour, 1 - never). The total score is calculated by summing all items (Sánchez, 2016). It reaches values of 29-203, based on the information that a total score (greater than) > 45 indicates significant agitation (Cohen-Mansfield & al., 1989). Cohen-Mansfield (1991) used factor analysis to develop three factors of agitated behaviour that occur in a nursing home: factor 1 - aggressive behavior; factor 2 - physically non-aggressive behavior; factor 3 - verbally agitated behavior.