Acellular Dermal Matrix vs Autologous Tarsus for Correction of Lower Eyelid Retraction

The study aims to find the best way to surgically correct lower eyelid retraction, a condition where the lower eyelid droops, leading to eye dryness, irritation, and potential vision problems. This condition can arise from various causes like thyroid eye disease, complications from eyelid or eye socket surgeries, burns, or injuries. The goal of the study is to determine which "spacer" graft works best to lift the eyelid back into its correct position and provide long-lasting results.

Currently, there's no universally agreed-upon optimal spacer-graft for this condition. Surgeons at the department of Ophthalmology at Haukeland University Hospital are conducting a study to compare two promising spacer graft materials: acellular dermal matrix (Permacol), a processed tissue that encourages tissue regeneration, and autologous tarsus, tissue taken from the patient's own upper eyelid.

Forty patients needing surgery for lower eyelid retraction will be inculded in this study. They will be randomly assigned to receive either the Permacol graft or the autologous tarsus graft. The surgical procedure involves making an incision inside the lower eyelid, separating the retractors (muscles that pull the eyelid down), and inserting the chosen spacer graft between the tarsus (the eyelid's supporting structure) and the retractors. This lifts the eyelid to the correct position.

Patients will be followed up for six months after surgery. Doctors will measure the position of the eyelid, how well the eye closes, and signs of dryness or damage to the eye surface. Patients will also be asked about pain/discomfort, and satisfaction with the cosmetic outcome. The study will track any complications, such as infection or recurrence of the eyelid retraction.

The study will compare the two groups to see which graft provides better eyelid positioning, reduces symptoms, and has fewer complications. Statistical analysis will be used to determine if there are significant differences between the two treatment groups.

The results of this study will provide valuable information for surgeons treating lower eyelid retraction, helping them choose the most effective and safe graft material for their patients. The procedures will be performed by experienced surgeons at Haukeland University Hospital, ensuring patient safety. The study adheres to ethical guidelines, and patients will provide informed consent before participating.

Inclusion criteria

• Adult patients aged 18-75 years.
• Grade 2 or higher lower eyelid retraction (according to the retraction grading scale).
• Candidate for surgical correction due to functional or cosmetic reasons.
• Willingness to participate and provide informed consent.

Exclusion criteria

• Active ocular or eyelid infection.
• History of severe scarring or keloid formation.
• Concurrent orbital or eyelid malignancies. Pregnancy or lactation. Uncontrolled systemic diseases (e.g., diabetes, immune disorders). Previous eyelid surgery on the affected eye.