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Completed

NCT Number: NCT04861116

AcAdeMiC: Acting With Acceptance, Mindfulness and Compassion to Overcome Test/Exam Anxiety

Test Anxiety is a highly prevalent and impairing condition in adolescents (i.e., 9th to 12th grade students), significantly impacting on their mental health and well-being. Among Portuguese university students, test anxiety is the primary reason for seeking specialized psychological support, suggesting the importance of early intervention.

Test anxiety associates to low self-compassion, acceptance and mindfulness, which have been increasingly acknowledged in literature as important processes to cultivate towards human experience and suffering, within intervention programs, particularly in adolescence, and in anxiety and fear of failure in academic settings.

These processes are covered and enhanced within comprehensive models and evidence-based therapies that adopt an integrative, contextual and biopsychosocial approach, such as Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), and Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT), as well as an evolutionary approach, such as Compassion Focused Therapy (CFT). These approaches focus on receiving internal events (e.g., thoughts, emotions, memories) in an accepting and compassionate way, as part of human experience, without changing them, while developing a sense of vitality, well-being and commitment to valued ends in life, instead of focusing solely or mainly on symptom reduction (although it is usually a consequent outcome).

However, there are no empirically validated therapeutic programs for adolescents with test anxiety promoting these processes combined.

ICT-based interventions are accessible, convenient, cost-effective and have been proved effective in reducing anxiety disorders' symptomatology. Even though there are some empirically validated online interventions for test anxiety in adolescents, having shown promising results, these were mainly self-help/module-based programs, without a clinician facilitating the intervention.

This project aims to develop and implement a 12-week ICT-based targeted, facilitated and manualized individual intervention for adolescent students, developing compassion, acceptance and mindfulness, in order to help improve test anxiety's regulation (and consequently symptom reduction), as well as increase general and school-related well-being, while promoting valued life action.

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Key information

Conditions

Adolescents Test Anxiety

Age range

13 year–18 year

Sex eligibility

All sexes

Study type

Interventional

Phase

Not applicable

Primary location

University of Coimbra

Coimbra, 3000-115, Portugal

About this study

All ethical and deontological requirements are guarenteed in this study.

A sample of adolescent students (from 9th to 12th grade) is being online-recruited, through social media and contacts with Executive Boards of Portuguese secondary schools, private practices and study centers, advertising the study.

Parents/legal guardians are encouraged to contact the team. From this approach, parents/legal guardians and respective adolescents who demonstrate interest are explained the aims and procedures of the study and asked to sign a written consent form.

Adolescents are then assessed for eligibility through a test anxiety self-report measure and a clinical interview.

Eligible participants will be randomly assigned to either an experimental group, who will reveive the intervention (facilitated by licenced psychotherapists with training in contextual therapies and are familiar with the intervention protocol), or a waiting-list control group, who will have access to the intervention after the six-month follow-up assessment.

Both groups will complete a protocol with self-report measures, assessing psychopathology indicators, emotion regulation processes, and general and school-related well-being, in four different moments: at baseline (M0), immediatly after the intervention (M1), three months (M2) and six months (M3) after the intervention.

Who can participate

Healthy volunteers accepted: No

Only the study team can determine whether someone qualifies for participation.

Inclusion criteria

  • provision of written informed consent by participants and their legal guardians;
  • presence of high levels of test anxiety, confirmed through self-report assessment and clinical interview;
  • educational level from 9th to 12th grade;
  • absence of Neurodevelopmental Disorders, except Specific Learning Disorders of mild severity;
  • absence of any degree of cognitive decline or impairment;
  • absence of any severe Depressive Disorder;
  • absence of any other severe psychiatric condition (e.g., Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder, Bipolar Disorder, Psychotic Disorders);
  • not being under treatment for a psychiatric condition.

Exclusion criteria

  • no provision of written informed consent by participants and their legal guardians;
  • absence of high levels of test anxiety, confirmed through self-report assessment;
  • educational level below 9th and above 12th grade;
  • presence of Neurodevelopmental Disorders, except Specific Learning Disorders of mild severity;
  • presence of any degree of cognitive decline or impairment;
  • presence of any severe Depressive Disorder;
  • presence of any other severe psychiatric condition (e.g., Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder, Bipolar Disorder, Psychotic Disorders);
  • being under treatment for a psychiatric condition.

Treatment and study plan

Intervention program for test anxiety

Behavioral

12-week ICT-based manualized, targeted and facilitated individual intervention for adolescent students, that aims to promote compassion, acceptance and mindfulness, in order to help improve test anxiety's regulation (and consequently symptom reduction), as well as increase general and school-related well-being, while promoting valued life action.

Other names: AcAdeMiC: Acting With Acceptance, Mindfulness and Compassion to Overcome Test/Exam Anxiety

Primary outcomes

  1. Test Anxiety

    Time frame: 6 months [From Baseline to 6 months follow-up]

    Reactions to Tests for Adolescents (RT-A). Participants rate the items on a Likert scale from 1 to 4. Lower scores indicate a better outcome

Secondary outcomes

  1. General well-being

    Time frame: 6 months [From Baseline to 6 months follow-up]

    Mental Health Continuum - Short Form - for Youth (MHC-SF). Participants rate the items on a Likert scale from 0 to 5. Higher scores indicate a better outcome

  2. School-related well-being

    Time frame: 6 months [From Baseline to 6 months follow-up]

    School-related Well-Being Scale (SWBS). Participants rate the items on a Likert scale from 1 to 5. Higher scores indicate a better outcome

  3. Psychological flexibility in test situations

    Time frame: 6 months [From Baseline to 6 months follow-up]

    Test Anxiety Acceptance and Action Questionnaire for Adolescents (TA-AAQ-A). Participants rate the items on a Likert scale from 1 to 7. Higher scores indicate a better outcome

  4. General psychological flexibility

    Time frame: 6 months [From Baseline to 6 months follow-up]

    Avoidance and Fusion Questionnaire for Youth (AFQ-Y). Participants rate the items on a Likert scale from 0 to 4. Lower scores indicate a better outcome

  5. Mindfulness

    Time frame: 6 months [From Baseline to 6 months follow-up]

    Child and Adolescent Mindfulness Measure (CAMM). Participants rate the items on a Likert scale from 0 to 4. Higher scores indicate a better outcome

  6. Self-compassion

    Time frame: 6 months [From Baseline to 6 months follow-up]

    Self-Compassion Scale (SCS-A). Participants rate the items on a Likert scale from 1 to 5. Higher scores indicate a better outcome

Other outcomes

  1. Depression, anxiety and stress

    Time frame: 6 months [From Baseline to 6 months follow-up]

    Depression Anxiety and Stress Scales (DASS-21). Participants rate the items on a Likert scale from 0 to 3. Lower scores indicate a better outcome

  2. Self-criticism

    Time frame: 6 months [From Baseline to 6 months follow-up]

    Forms of Self-Criticizing/attacking and self-Reassuring Scale (FSCRS-A). Participants rate the items on a Likert scale from 0 to 4. Lower scores indicate a better outcome

  3. Shame

    Time frame: 6 months [From Baseline to 6 months follow-up]

    External and Internal Shame Scale for adolescents (EISS-A). Participants rate the items on a Likert scale from 0 to 4. Lower scores indicate a better outcome

Sponsors and collaborators

Lead sponsor

University of Coimbra

Other

Collaborators

  • Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia

Registry information

Official study title

AcAdeMiC: Acting With Acceptance, Mindfulness and Compassion to Overcome Test/Exam Anxiety - An ICT-based Psychotherapeutic Intervention for Adolescents

Acronym: AcAdeMiC

Important dates

Study start
2021
Primary completion
2022
Study completion
2022
First posted
Apr 27, 2021
Registry last updated
Dec 2, 2022

OpenTrials presents study information sourced from ClinicalTrials.gov. The official registry record should be consulted for the latest information.

View the official ClinicalTrials.gov record (opens in a new tab)

This listing is for discovery and informational purposes only. It is not medical advice, does not guarantee that a study is recruiting, and does not determine eligibility. Contact the study team and a qualified healthcare professional when considering participation.

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