A Trial of 15 and 30 mg Doses of CVL-231 (Emraclidine) in Participants With Schizophrenia

The PANSS measures symptom severity of participants with schizophrenia and contains 7 positive symptom scales, 7 negative system scales, and 16 general psychopathology symptom scales. Participants are rated from 1 to 7 on each symptom scale with a total minimum score of 30 and a maximum score of 210. Baseline was defined as the last value obtained prior to initiation of investigational medicinal product (IMP). Change from baseline for a given endpoint was defined as the value on a given Study Day (Time Point) minus the Baseline Value. A decrease in PANSS total score correlates with an improvement in schizophrenia symptoms.

The CGI-S captures clinician's response to: "Considering your total clinical experience, how mentally ill is the participant at this time?" The clinician's answer rated on the following 7-point scale: 1 = normal, not at all ill; 2 = borderline mentally ill; 3 = mildly ill; 4 = moderately ill; 5 = markedly ill; 6 = severely ill; 7 = among the most extremely ill participants. Baseline was defined as the last value obtained prior to initiation of investigational medicinal product (IMP). Change from baseline for a given endpoint was defined as the value on a given Study Day (Time Point) minus the Baseline Value. Negative changes from Baseline indicate less mental illness.

The PANSS measures symptom severity of participants with schizophrenia and contains 7 positive symptom scales, 7 negative system scales, and 16 general psychopathology symptom scales. Participants are rated from 1 to 7 on each symptom scale with a total minimum score of 30 and a maximum score of 210. Baseline was defined as the last value obtained prior to initiation of investigational medicinal product (IMP). Change from baseline for a given endpoint was defined as the value on a given Study Day (Time Point) minus the Baseline Value. A decrease in PANSS total score correlates with an improvement in schizophrenia symptoms.

The CGI-S captures clinician's response to: "Considering your total clinical experience, how mentally ill is the participant at this time?" The clinician's answer rated on the following 7-point scale: 1 = normal, not at all ill; 2 = borderline mentally ill; 3 = mildly ill; 4 = moderately ill; 5 = markedly ill; 6 = severely ill; 7 = among the most extremely ill participants. Baseline was defined as the last value obtained prior to initiation of Emraclidine. Change from baseline for a given endpoint was defined as the value on a given Study Day (Time Point) minus the Baseline Value. Negative changes from Baseline indicate less mental illness.

The PANSS measures symptom severity of participants with schizophrenia and contains 7 positive symptom scales, 7 negative system scales, and 16 general psychopathology symptom scales. Participants are rated from 1 to 7 on each symptom scale with a total minimum score of 30 and a maximum score of 210. A PANSS responder is defined as a participant with at least a 30% change in PANSS total score compared to baseline at Week 6 or the early termination visit. If a subject discontinued and did not have an early termination visit, the subject's last assessment was considered.

An adverse event (AE) is defined as any untoward medical occurrence in a patient or clinical investigation participant administered a pharmaceutical product which does not necessarily have a causal relationship with this treatment. The investigator assesses the relationship of each event to the use of study drug. A serious adverse event (SAE) is an event that results in death, is life-threatening, requires or prolongs hospitalization, results in a congenital anomaly, persistent or significant disability/incapacity or is an important medical event that, based on medical judgment, may jeopardize the participant and may require medical or surgical intervention to prevent any of the outcomes listed above. Treatment-emergent adverse events/treatment-emergent serious adverse events (TEAEs/TESAEs) are defined as any event that began or worsened in severity on or after the first dose of study drug.

Assessment of clinically significant changes in electrocardiogram measures measured by 12-lead ECG recording after the participant has been supine and at rest for at least 3 minutes.

Clinical laboratory tests were performed at scheduled study visits, and the investigator recorded any clinically significant changes.

Vital signs were obtained after the participant had been supine and at rest for 3 minutes and included temperature, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, respiratory rate, and heart rate. Participants' body weights were also measured and recorded.

The number of participants with clinically significant changes in physical and neurological examination results was documented.

The C-SSRS rates an individual's degree of suicidal ideation (SI) on a scale, ranging from "wish to be dead" to "active suicidal ideation with specific plan and intent." The scale identifies SI severity and intensity, which may be indicative of an individual's intent to commit suicide. C-SSRS SI severity subscale ranges from 0 (no SI) to 5 (active SI with plan and intent).

The SAS consists of a list of 10 symptoms of parkinsonism. Each item is rated on a 5-point scale, with a score of 0 representing absence of symptoms and a score of 4 representing a severe condition. The SAS total score is the sum of the scores for all 10 items. Baseline was defined as the last value obtained prior to initiation of study drug. Change from baseline for a given endpoint was defined as the value on a given Study Day (Time Point) minus the Baseline Value. Negative changes from Baseline indicate an improvement in symptoms.

The Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale assessment consists of 10 items describing symptoms of dyskinesia. Facial and oral movements (items 1-4), extremity movements (items 5 and 6), and trunk movements (item 7) are observed unobtrusively while the participant is at rest, and the investigator also makes global judgments on the participant's dyskinesias (items 8-10). Each item is rated on a 5-point scale, with a score of 0 representing absence of symptoms (for item 10, no awareness), and a score of 4 indicating a severe condition (for item 10, awareness, severe distress). In addition, the AIMS includes 2 yes/no questions that address the participant's dental status. The AIMS Movement Rating Score is defined as the sum of individual scores from items 1-7, ranging from 0 to 28. A lower score indicates less severe or absent abnormal movements. A negative change in the mean from baseline indicates improvement in the severity of abnormal involuntary movements.

The BARS consists of 4 items related to akathisia: The first 3 items are rated on a 4-point scale, with a score of 0 representing absence of symptoms and a score of 3 representing a severe condition. The fourth item, reported here, is the Global Clinical Evaluation Score. The Global Clinical Evaluation Score is evaluated using a 6-point scale, with a score of 0 representing the absence of symptoms and a score of 5 representing severe akathisia. A negative change from baseline indicates an improvement in symptoms.