A Study to Test the Efficacy and Safety of the Beta-3 Agonist Mirabegron (YM178) in Patients With Symptoms of Overactive Bladder

The average number of incontinence episodes (any involuntary leakage of urine) per day was derived from the number of incontinence episodes recorded by the patient in a micturition diary for 3-days before the Baseline and Week 12 clinic visits. Least Squares (LS) Means were generated from an analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) model with treatment group, gender, and geographic region as fixed factors and baseline as a covariate.

The average number of micturitions (urinations) per 24 hours was derived from the number of times a patient urinates (excluding incontinence only episodes) per day recorded by the patient in a micturition diary for 3-days before the Baseline and Week 12 clinic visits. LS Means generated from an ANCOVA model with treatment group, gender, and geographic region as fixed factors and baseline as a covariate.

The average volume voided per micturition was calculated from the volume of each micturition measured by the patient and recorded in a micturition diary for 3 days before the Baseline and Week 12 clinic visits. LS Means were generated from an ANCOVA model with treatment group, gender, and geographic region as fixed factors and baseline as a covariate.

The average number of incontinence episodes (any involuntary leakage of urine) per 24 hours was derived from the number of incontinence episodes recorded by the patient in a micturition diary for 3-days before the Baseline and Week 4 clinic visits. LS Means were generated from an ANCOVA model with treatment group, gender, and geographic region as fixed factors and baseline as a covariate.

The average number of micturitions (urinations) per 24 hours was calculated from the number of micturitions recorded by the patient in a micturition diary for 3-days before the Baseline and Week 4 clinic visits. LS Means generated from an ANCOVA model with treatment group, gender, and geographic region as fixed factors and baseline as a covariate.

Average of patients' ratings on the degree of urgency associated with each micturition and/or incontinence episode recorded in a 3-day micturition diary according to the following 5-point categorical scale (Patient Perception of Intensity of Urgency Scale): 0: No urgency; 1: Mild urgency; 2: Moderate urgency, could delay voiding a short while; 3: Severe urgency, could not delay voiding; 4: Urge incontinence, leaked before arriving to the toilet. LS Means are from an ANCOVA with treatment group, gender, and geographic region as fixed factors and baseline as a covariate.

The involuntary leakage of urine accompanied by or immediately proceeded by urgency, derived from the number of incontinence episodes classified by the patient in a 3-day micturition diary as 3 or 4 on the Patient Perception of Intensity of Urgency Scale: 0 = No urgency; 1 = Mild urgency; 2 = Moderate urgency, could postpone voiding a short while; 3 = Severe urgency, could not postpone voiding; 4 = Urge incontinence, leaked before arriving to the toilet. LS Means are from an ANCOVA with treatment group, gender, and geographic region as fixed factors and baseline as a covariate.

The average number of urgency episodes (the sudden, compelling desire to pass urine, which is difficult to defer), derived from urgency episodes classified by the patient in a 3-day micturition diary as grade 3 or 4 on the Patient Perception of Intensity of Urgency Scale: 0: No urgency; 1: Mild urgency; 2: Moderate urgency, could delay voiding a short while; 3: Severe urgency, could not delay voiding; 4: Urge incontinence, leaked before arriving to the toilet. LS Means are from an ANCOVA with treatment group, gender, and geographic region as fixed factors and baseline as a covariate.

The average number of micturitions (urinations) per 24 hours was calculated from the number of micturitions recorded by the patient in a micturition diary for 3-days before the Baseline, Week 8 and 12 clinic visits. LS Means were generated from an ANCOVA model with treatment group, gender, and geographic region as fixed factors and baseline as a covariate.

The average number of incontinence episodes (any involuntary leakage of urine) per 24 hours was derived from the number of incontinence episodes recorded by the patient in a micturition diary for 3-days before the Baseline, Week 8 and Week 12 clinic visits. LS Means were generated from an ANCOVA model with treatment group, gender, and geographic region as fixed factors and baseline as a covariate.

The average volume voided per micturition was calculated from the volume of each micturition measured by the patient and recorded in a micturition diary for 3 days before the Baseline and Week 4, 8 and 12 clinic visits. LS Means generated from an ANCOVA model with treatment group, gender, and geographic region as fixed factors and baseline as a covariate.

The involuntary leakage of urine accompanied by or immediately proceeded by urgency, derived from the number of incontinence episodes classified by the patient in a 3-day micturition diary as 3 or 4 on the Patient Perception of Intensity of Urgency Scale: 0 = No urgency; 1 = Mild urgency; 2 = Moderate urgency, could postpone voiding a short while; 3 = Severe urgency, could not postpone voiding; 4 = Urge incontinence, leaked before arriving to the toilet. LS Means are from an ANCOVA with treatment group, gender, and geographic region as fixed factors and baseline as a covariate.

The average number of urgency episodes (the sudden, compelling desire to pass urine, which is difficult to defer), derived from urgency episodes classified by the patient in a 3-day micturition diary as grade 3 or 4 on the Patient Perception of Intensity of Urgency Scale: 0: No urgency; 1: Mild urgency; 2: Moderate urgency, could delay voiding a short while; 3: Severe urgency, could not delay voiding; 4: Urge incontinence, leaked before arriving to the toilet. LS Means are from an ANCOVA with treatment group, gender, and geographic region as fixed factors and baseline as a covariate.

Average of patients' ratings on the degree of urgency associated with each micturition and/or incontinence episode recorded in a 3-day micturition diary according to the following 5-point categorical scale (Patient Perception of Intensity of Urgency Scale): 0: No urgency; 1: Mild urgency; 2: Moderate urgency, could delay voiding a short while; 3: Severe urgency, could not delay voiding; 4: Urge incontinence, leaked before arriving to the toilet. LS Means are from an ANCOVA with treatment group, gender, and geographic region as fixed factors and baseline as a covariate.

Nocturia is defined as waking at night one or more times to void. The average number of times a patient urinated (excluding incontinence only episodes) during sleeping time per day was derived from the 3-day patient micturition diary.

LS Means are from an ANCOVA with treatment group, gender, and geographic region as fixed factors and baseline as a covariate.

The average number of times a patient records a new pad used per day during the 3-day micturition diary period.

LS Means are from an ANCOVA with treatment group, gender, and geographic region as fixed factors and baseline as a covariate.

The percentage of participants with no incontinence episodes for the 3 days prior to each clinic visit derived from the micturition diary recorded by the patient.

The percentage of participants with at least a 50% decrease from baseline in mean number of incontinence episodes per 24 hours during the 3 days prior to each clinic visit derived from the patient micturition diary.

Percentage of participants with a decrease from Baseline to Final Visit in mean level of urgency at least as large as the pre-specified minimally important difference (MID). The MID was determined to be 0.24 for mean level of urgency. Mean level of urgency was derived from the average of patients' ratings on the degree of urgency associated with each micturition and/or incontinence episode recorded in a 3-day micturition diary according to the Patient Perception of Intensity of Urgency Scale which ranged from 0 (No urgency) to 4 (Urge incontinence).

Percentage of participants with a decrease from baseline to final visit in mean number of urgency episodes (grade 3 or 4) at least as large as the pre-specified minimally important difference (MID). The MID was determined to be 1.54 for mean number of urgency episodes (grade 3 or 4). The mean number of urgency episodes was derived from urgency episodes classified by the patient in a 3-day micturition diary as grade 3 or 4 on the Patient Perception of Intensity of Urgency Scale where a score 3=severe urgency and 4=urge incontinence.

Overactive bladder symptoms were assessed using the symptom bother scale of the overactive bladder questionnaire. The symptom bother scale consists of 8 questions answered by the participant on a scale from 1-6. The total symptom bother score was calculated from the 8 answers and then transformed to range from 0 to 100, with 100 indicating worst severity. A negative change from Baseline in symptom bother score indicates improvements.

LS Means are from an ANCOVA with treatment group, gender, and geographic region as fixed factors and baseline as a covariate.

Health-related quality of life was assessed by the HRQL subscales (coping, concern, sleep and social interaction) of the overactive bladder questionnaire (OABq). The HRQL total score was calculated by adding the 4 HRQL subscale scores, and transforming to a scale from 0 to 100, with higher scores indicating better quality of life. A positive change from Baseline in HRQL score indicates improvements.

LS Means are from an ANCOVA with treatment group, gender, and geographic region as fixed factors and baseline as a covariate.

The Work Productivity and Activity Impairment: Specific Health Problem (WPAI:SHP) questionnaire was used to assess the degree and extent to which overactive bladder (OAB) symptoms interfered with work productivity in the last 7 days. Percent of work time missed is derived from the number of hours of work missed due to OAB symptoms as a percentage of total hours that should have been worked. A higher percentage indicates more hours missed. A negative change from baseline indicates improvement.

The Work Productivity and Activity Impairment: Specific Health Problem (WPAI:SHP) questionnaire was used to assess the degree and extent to which overactive bladder (OAB) symptoms interfered with work productivity in the last 7 days. Percent impairment while working was derived from the patient's assessment of the degree to which OAB affected their productivity while working. A higher percentage indicates greater impairment and less productivity. A negative change from baseline indicates improvement.

The Work Productivity and Activity Impairment: Specific Health Problem (WPAI:SHP) questionnaire was used to assess the degree and extent to which overactive bladder (OAB) symptoms interfered with work productivity in the last 7 days. Percent overall work impairment takes into account both hours missed due to OAB symptoms and the patient's assessment of the degree to which OAB affected their productivity while working. A higher percentage indicates greater impairment and less productivity. A negative change from baseline indicates improvement.

The Work Productivity and Activity Impairment: Specific Health Problem (WPAI:SHP) questionnaire was used to assess the degree and extent to which overactive bladder (OAB) symptoms interfered with daily activities over the last 7 days. Percent activity impairment is derived from the patient's assessment of the degree to which OAB affected their regular daily activities. A higher percentage indicates greater impairment. A negative change from baseline indicates improvement.

The EQ-5D is an international, standardized, nondisease-specific (i.e., generic) instrument for describing and valuing health status. Participants were asked to indicate which of the following statements best describes their health state:

I have no problems in walking about; I have some problems in walking about; I am confined to bed.

In the table below, each row title lists Baseline health status first followed by Final Visit health status and reports the number of patients in that category. Missing data indicates patients with no data available for that Visit.

The EQ-5D is an international, standardized, nondisease-specific (i.e., generic) instrument for describing and valuing health status. Participants were asked to indicate which of the following statements best describes their health state:

I have no problems with self-care; I have some problems washing or dressing myself; I am unable to wash or dress myself. In the table below, each row title lists Baseline health status first followed by Final Visit health status and reports the number of patients in that category. Missing data indicates patients with no data available for that Visit.

The EQ-5D is a standardized, nondisease-specific instrument for describing health status. Participants were asked which statement best describes their health state with regard to usual activities (work, study or leisure): I have no problems performing my usual activities; I have some problems performing my usual activities; I am unable to perform my usual activities. In the table below, each row title lists Baseline health status first followed by Final Visit health status and reports the number of patients in that category. Missing data indicates patients with no data available at that Visit.

The EQ-5D is an international, standardized, nondisease-specific (i.e., generic) instrument for describing and valuing health status. Participants were asked to indicate which of the following statements best describes their health state:

I have no pain or discomfort; I have moderate pain or discomfort; I have extreme pain or discomfort. In the table below, each row title lists Baseline health status first followed by Final Visit health status and reports the number of patients in that category. Missing data indicates patients with no data available for that Visit.

The EQ-5D is an international, standardized, nondisease-specific (i.e., generic) instrument for describing and valuing health status. Participants were asked to indicate which of the following statements best describes their health state:

I am not anxious or depressed; I am moderately anxious or depressed; I am extremely anxious or depressed. In the table below, each row title lists Baseline health status first followed by Final Visit health status and reports the number of patients in that category. Missing data indicates patients with no data available for that Visit.

The EQ-5D is an international, standardized, generic instrument for describing and evaluating health status. Health status is assessed by patients evaluating their health on a vertical, visual analog scale from 0 to 100 where the endpoints are labeled 'Worst imaginable health state' (=0) and 'Best imaginable health state' (=100). On the EQ-5D VAS, a positive change from baseline indicates improvement.

The PPBC scale is a global assessment tool that asks patients to rate their impression of their current bladder condition on a 6-point scale from 1: 'Does not cause me any problems at all'; 2: 'Causes me some very minor problems'; 3: 'Causes me some minor problems'; 4: 'Causes me (some) moderate problems'; 5: 'Causes me severe problems' and 6: 'Causes me many severe problems'. LS means are from an ANCOVA model with treatment group, gender, and geographical regions as fixed factors and baseline as a covariate. A negative change from Baseline score indicates improvement.

The TS-VAS is a visual analog scale (VAS) that asks patients to rate their satisfaction with treatment by placing a vertical mark on a 10 cm line where the endpoints are labeled 'No, not at all' on the left (=0) to 'Yes, completely satisfied' on the right (=10). LS means are from an ANCOVA model with treatment group, gender, and geographical regions as fixed factors and baseline as a covariate. A positive change from baseline indicates improvement.

The number of times the patient visited a physician's office during the 4 weeks prior to each study visit (excluding study visits) because of the patient's bladder condition.

The Clinician Global Impression Scale (CGI) assessed the change in the patient's bladder symptoms since the start of the study and was completed by the physician at Baseline and at Week 12/end of treatment. The degree of change was categorized as one of the following: 'Very much improved', 'Much improved', 'Minimally improved', 'No change', 'Minimally worse', 'Much worse', or 'Very much worse'.

The patient global impression (PGI) scale assessed the change in bladder symptoms since the start of the study and was completed by the patient at Baseline and at Week 12/end of treatment. The degree of change was categorized as one of the following: 'Very much improved', 'Much improved', 'Minimally improved', 'No change', 'Minimally worse', 'Much worse', or 'Very much worse'.

The patient global impression (PGI) scale assessed the change in the patient's overall condition since the start of the study and was completed by the patient at Baseline and at Week 12/end of treatment. The degree of change was categorized as one of the following: 'Very much improved', 'Much improved', 'Minimally improved', 'No change', 'Minimally worse', 'Much worse', or 'Very much worse'.

The PPBC scale is a global assessment tool that asks patients to rate their impression of their current bladder condition on a 6-point scale from 1: 'Does not cause me any problems at all'; 2: 'Causes me some very minor problems'; 3: 'Causes me some minor problems'; 4: 'Causes me (some) moderate problems'; 5: 'Causes me severe problems' and 6: 'Causes me many severe problems'. Improvement was defined as at least a one point improvement from Baseline to post-baseline and a major improvement was defined as at least a two point improvement from Baseline to post-baseline in PPBC score.