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Completed

NCT Number: NCT06973993

A Study to Evaluate the Impact of Classical Music on Perceived Waiting Time and Satisfaction in Emergency Department Patients

The goal of this study is to evaluate whether classical music in the Emergency waiting room can diminish perception of waiting times. Patients and relatives, after arriving in the ER waiting room will either listen to live classical music, recorded classical music, or no music at all.

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Key information

Conditions

Emergency Room Disease Attributes Emergencies Pathologic Processes Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms

Age range

18 year and older

Sex eligibility

All sexes

Study type

Observational

Primary location

Ospedale Regionale Bellinzona e Valli, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale

Bellinzona, Switzerland

About this study

The study was submitted to the ethics committee as an interventional clinical trial; however, they advised that it does not qualify as a clinical trial. The project does not collect health-related information from patients, according to the definition provided by swiss research law, and therefore does not require any authorization. They qualify it as a quality control initiative.

Please advise on how we should register it into clinicaltrials.gov, we might need the ID for publication purpose.

Thank you

Who can participate

Healthy volunteers accepted: Yes

Only the study team can determine whether someone qualifies for participation.

Inclusion criteria

  • ER department patients waiting for medical assessment and their relatives
  • Age ≥ 18 years
  • Signed informed consent

Exclusion criteria

  • Patients in situations of high severity and that pose an immediate significant threat to life or physiologic function.

Treatment and study plan

Live Music

Other

live music will be played during waiting time in ER room

recorded music

Other

recorded music will be transmitted during waiting time in ER room

no music

Other

no music will be played or transmitted during waiting time in ER room

Primary outcomes

  1. patient satisfaction

    Time frame: day 1

    Patient satisfaction will be calculated attributing a score to a validated questionnaire designed for assessing waiting times in the emergency department, namely the "Patient Satisfaction with Waiting Time in Emergency Departments" questionnaire.

Sponsors and collaborators

Lead sponsor

Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Bellinzona

Other

Registry information

Official study title

The MORAL (MOzart Recorded And Live) Impact of Classical Music on Perceived Waiting Time and Satisfaction: A Comparative Study in Emergency Department Patients

Acronym: MORAL

Important dates

Study start
2025
Primary completion
2025
Study completion
2025
First posted
May 15, 2025
Registry last updated
Mar 9, 2026

OpenTrials presents study information sourced from ClinicalTrials.gov. The official registry record should be consulted for the latest information.

View the official ClinicalTrials.gov record (opens in a new tab)

This listing is for discovery and informational purposes only. It is not medical advice, does not guarantee that a study is recruiting, and does not determine eligibility. Contact the study team and a qualified healthcare professional when considering participation.

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