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Completed

NCT Number: NCT03201965

A Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of Daratumumab in Combination With Cyclophosphamide, Bortezomib and Dexamethasone (CyBorD) Compared to CyBorD Alone in Newly Diagnosed Systemic Amyloid Light-chain (AL) Amyloidosis

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of daratumumab plus cyclophosphamide, bortezomib and dexamethasone (CyBorD) compared with CyBorD alone in treatment of newly diagnosed amyloid light chain (AL) amyloidosis participants.

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Key information

Age range

18 year and older

Sex eligibility

All sexes

Study type

Interventional

Phase

Phase 3

Primary location

Box Hill Hospital, Box Hill, Australia

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About this study

Participant involved in study for approx. 8 years duration includes Screening Phase (complete clinical evaluation will be done), Treatment Phase (monitoring of adverse events (AEs), laboratory abnormalities and clinical response), Post-Treatment Observation Phase (disease evaluations will be done) and a Long-term Follow-up Phase (Subsequent anticancer treatment, response to subsequent treatment, date of progression and survival status will be obtained every 16 weeks).The primary hypothesis is that daratumumab in combination with CyBorD will improve the overall complete hematological response rate compared to CyBorD alone in AL amyloidosis participants. Safety will be assessed by AEs, laboratory test results, electrocardiogram, vital sign measurements, physical examination, and Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status.

Who can participate

Healthy volunteers accepted: No

Only the study team can determine whether someone qualifies for participation.

Inclusion criteria

  • Histopathological diagnosis of amyloidosis based on detection by immunohistochemistry and polarizing light microscopy of green bi-refringent material in congo red stained tissue specimens (in an organ other than bone marrow) or characteristic electron microscopy appearance
  • Measurable disease of amyloid light-chain (AL) amyloidosis as defined by at least one of the following:
  • serum monoclonal (M)-protein greater than or equal (>=) 0.5 grams/deciliter (g/dL) by protein electrophoresis (routine serum protein electrophoresis and immunofixation [IFE] performed at a central laboratory)
  • serum free light chain greater than or equal to (>=) 50 milligram/Liter (mg/L) with an abnormal kappa:lambda ratio or the difference between involved and uninvolved free light chains (dFLC) >= 50 mg/L
  • One or more organs impacted by AL amyloidosis according to consensus guidelines
  • Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) Performance Status (PS) 0, 1 or 2

Exclusion criteria

  • Prior therapy for AL amyloidosis or multiple myeloma including medications that target CD38, with the exception of 160 mg dexamethasone (or equivalent corticosteroid) maximum exposure prior to randomization
  • Previous or current diagnosis of symptomatic multiple myeloma, including the presence of lytic bone disease, plasmacytomas, >= 60 percent (%) plasma cells in the bone marrow, or hypercalcemia
  • Evidence of significant cardiovascular conditions as specified below:
  • NT-ProBNP > 8500 nanogram per liter (ng/L)
  • New York Heart Association (NYHA) classification IIIB or IV heart failure
  • Heart failure that in the opinion of the investigator is on the basis of ischemic heart disease (eg, prior myocardial infarction with documented history of cardiac enzyme elevation and electrocardiogram [ECG] changes) or uncorrected valvular disease and not primarily due to AL amyloid cardiomyopathy
  • Inpatient admission to a hospital for unstable angina or myocardial infarction within the last 6 months prior to first dose or percutaneous cardiac intervention with recent stent within 6 months or coronary artery bypass grafting within 6 months
  • For participants with congestive heart failure, cardiovascular-related hospitalizations within 4 weeks prior to randomization
  • Participants with a history of sustained ventricular tachycardia or aborted ventricular fibrillation or with a history of atrioventricular (AV) nodal or sinoatrial (SA) nodal dysfunction for which a pacemaker/implantable cardioverter-defibrillators [ICD] is indicated but not placed (participants who do have a pacemaker/ICD are allowed on study)
  • Screening 12-lead ECG showing a baseline QT interval as corrected by Fridericia's formula (QTcF) > 500 milliseconds (msec). Participants who have a pacemaker may be included regardless of calculated QTc interval
  • Supine systolic blood pressure < 90 millimeter of mercury (mmHg), or symptomatic orthostatic hypotension, defined as a decrease in systolic blood pressure upon standing of > 20 mmHg despite medical management (eg, midodrine, fludrocortisones) in the absence of volume depletion
  • Planned stem cell transplant during the first 6 cycles of protocol therapy are excluded. Stem cell collection during the first 6 cycles of protocol therapy is permitted
  • Known to be seropositive for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
  • Any one of the following:
  • Seropositive for hepatitis B (defined by a positive test for hepatitis B surface antigen [HBsAg]). Participants with resolved infection (ie, participants who are HBsAg negative but positive for antibodies to hepatitis B core antigen [anti-HBc] and/or antibodies to hepatitis B surface antigen [anti-HBs]) must be screened using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) measurement of hepatitis B virus (HBV) deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) levels. Those who are PCR positive will be excluded
  • Known to be seropositive for hepatitis C (except in the setting of a sustained virologic response [SVR], defined as aviremia at least 12 weeks after completion of antiviral therapy)
  • Grade 2 sensory or Grade 1 painful peripheral neuropathy

Treatment and study plan

Cyclophosphamide

Drug

Participants will receive 300 mg/m^2 of cyclophosphamide as an oral or IV dose.

bortezomib

Drug

Participants will receive 1.3 mg/m^2 of bortezomib as an subcutaneous (SC) injection.

Dexamethasone, 40 mg

Drug

Participants of CyBorD alone arm will receive 40 mg dexamethasone orally or IV dose. Participants of CyBorD plus daratumumab arm will receive dexamethasone 20 mg orally or IV dose as premedication and 20 mg on the day after daratumumab dosing to make a total of 40 mg.

Daratumumab

Drug

Participants will receive 1800 mg of daratumumab subcutaneously.

Primary outcomes

  1. Percentage of Participants With Overall Complete Hematologic Response (CHR)

    Time frame: Up to 2.4 years

    Overall CHR rate was defined as percentage of participants who achieved CHR, according to the International Amyloidosis Consensus Criteria. CHR: normalization of free light chain levels and ratio, negative serum, and urine immunofixation. If involved free light chain (iFLC) is less than (<) upper limit of normal (ULN) and serum and urine Immunofixation electrophoresis (IFE) are negative, then neither a normal uninvolved free light chain (uFLC) level nor a normal free light chain (FLC) ratio are required for complete response (CR).

Secondary outcomes

  1. Major Organ Deterioration Progression-Free Survival (MOD-PFS)

    Time frame: From date of first randomization (Day -3) upto 6.5 years

    MOD-PFS was defined as duration from the date of randomization to either hematologic progression, or major organ deterioration (clinical manifestation of cardiac failure or renal failure), or death, whichever occurred first. Per international amyloidosis consensus criteria (IACC), hematologic progression was defined as satisfying any one of the following criteria: 1) From CHR, abnormal free light chain ratio (light chain must be double and >ULN); 2) From CHR/VGPR/PR, 50 percent (%) increase in serum M-protein to >0.5 grams per deciliter (g/dL) or 50% increase in urine M-protein to 200 milligrams (mg)/day; 3) free light chain increase of 50% to 100 milligrams (mg)/Liter (L).

  2. Overall Survival (OS)

    Time frame: From date of first randomization (Day -3) up to 7.1 years

    Overall survival (OS) was measured from the date of randomization to the date of the participant's death.

  3. Organ Response Rate (OrRR) at 6 Months: Cardiac Response

    Time frame: Month 6

    The Organ Response Rate (OrRR) for heart was defined as the percentage of participants with baseline involvement of the heart who achieved a confirmed organ response in the heart. Cardiac response was defined as as a decrease of >30% in N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) levels and greater than (>)300 nanogram/Litre (ng/L).

  4. Organ Response Rate (OrRR) at 6 Months: Renal Response

    Time frame: Month 6

    The OrRR for kidney was defined as the percentage of participants with baseline involvement of the kidney who achieved a confirmed renal response in the kidney. Renal response was defined as more than equal to (≥) 30% decrease in proteinuria or proteinuria decreased to <0.5 grams (g)/24 hours in the absence of renal progression.

  5. Organ Response Rate (OrRR) at 6 Months: Liver Response

    Time frame: Month 6

    The OrRR for liver was defined as the percentage of participants with baseline involvement of the liver who achieved a confirmed liver response in the liver. Liver response was defined as 50% decrease in abnormal alkaline phosphatase value.

  6. Percentage of Participants Who Achieved Complete Hematologic Response (CHR) at 6 Months

    Time frame: Month 6

    CHR rate was defined as percentage of participants who achieved CHR, according to the International Amyloidosis Consensus Criteria. CHR: normalization of free light chain levels and ratio, negative serum, and urine immunofixation. If involved free light chain is < ULN and serum and urine IFE are negative, then neither a normal uninvolved free light chain (uFLC) level nor a normal free light chain (FLC) ratio are required for Complete Response (CR).

  7. Time to Complete Hematologic Response (CHR)

    Time frame: From date of first randomization (Day -3) up to 6.5 years

    Time to CHR was defined as time between the date of randomization and first efficacy evaluation at which the participant has met all criteria for hematologic CR. CHR was primarily defined by negative immunofixation results and normalized free light chain (FLC) parameters.

  8. Time to Cardiac Response

    Time frame: From date of first randomization (Day -3) up to 6.5 years

    Time to cardiac response was defined as the time between the date of randomization and the first efficacy evaluation at which the participant had cardiac response.

  9. Time to Liver Response

    Time frame: From date of first randomization (Day -3) up to 6.5 years

    Time to liver response was defined as the time between the date of randomization and the first efficacy evaluation at which the participant had liver response.

  10. Time to Renal Response

    Time frame: From date of first randomization (Day -3) up to 6.5 years

    Time to renal response was defined as the time between the date of randomization and the first efficacy evaluation at which the participant had renal response.

  11. Time to Subsequent Non-cross Resistant Anti-plasma Cell Therapy

    Time frame: From date of first randomization (Day -3) up to 6.5 years

    Time to subsequent non-cross resistant anti-plasma cell therapy was defined as the time from the date of randomization to the start date of subsequent non-cross resistant, anti-plasma cell therapy.

  12. Duration of Complete Hematologic Response (CHR)

    Time frame: From date of first randomization (Day -3) up to 6.5 years

    Duration of CHR was defined as the time between the date of initial documentation of CHR to the date of first documented evidence of hematologic progressive diseased. CHR was primarily defined by negative immunofixation results and normalized FLC parameters.

  13. Hematologic Very Good Partial Response (VGPR) or Better Rate

    Time frame: From date of first randomization (Day -3) up to 6.5 years

    Hematologic VGPR or Better Rate was defined as percentage of participants who achieved hematologic Complete response (CR) or VGPR. VGPR was defined as the difference between involved iFLC and uFLC after treatment for baseline difference between iFLC and uFLC (dFLC) >50 milligrams per liter (mg/L): Reduction in the dFLC <40 mg/L. For Baseline dFLC < 50 mg/L: more than (>) 90% reduction in serum M-protein plus urine M-protein <100 mg/24 hours. CR was negative immunofixation on the serum and urine, and disappearance of any soft tissue plasmacytomas, and < 5% PCs in bone marrow.

  14. Change From Baseline in the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer - Quality of Life Questionnaire-Core 30 (EORTC QLQ-C30) Fatigue

    Time frame: Baseline (Day -28), Weeks 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24, 28, 32, 36, 40, 44, 48, 52, 56, 60, 64, 68, 72, 76, 80, 84, 88, 92 and 96

    The EORTC-QLQ-C30 a 30-question tool was used to assess the overall quality of life (QoL) in cancer patients. It included 30 items resulting in 5 functional scales (physical, role, emotional, cognitive, and social functioning), 1 Global health status (GHS) scale, 3 symptom scales (fatigue, nausea and vomiting, and pain), and 6 single items (dyspnea, insomnia, appetite loss, constipation, diarrhea, and financial difficulties). The questionnaire includes 28 items with 4-point Likert type responses from "1-not at all" to "4-very much" to assess functioning and symptoms; 2 items with 7-point Likert scales (1= poor and 7= excellent) for global health and overall QoL. Scores were transformed to a 0 to 100 scale, with higher scores representing better GHS, better functioning, and more symptoms.

  15. Change From Baseline in the Short Form Health Survey, Version 2, the Mental Component Summary, (SF-36v2 MCS)

    Time frame: Baseline (Day -28), Weeks 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24, 28, 32, 36, 40, 44, 48, 52, 56, 60, 64, 68, 72, 76, 80, 84, 88, 92 and 96

    The SF-36 Health Survey was a generic measure of health status. The SF-36 consisted of 36 questions that yield an eight-scale (physical functioning, role-physical, bodily pain, general health, vitality, social functioning, role-emotional, and mental health) profile of functional health and well-being, as well as 2 physical and mental health summary measures and a preference-based health utility index. The physical component summary (PCS), the mental component summary (MCS), and the 8 domain scores range from zero (0) to 100, with higher scores representing higher level of functioning.

  16. Change From Baseline in EORTC QLQ-C30 Global Health Status Score

    Time frame: Baseline (Day -28), Weeks 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24, 28, 32, 36, 40, 44, 48, 52, 56, 60, 64, 68, 72, 76, 80, 84, 88, 92 and 96

    The EORTC-QLQ-C30 a 30-question tool was used to assess the overall QoL in cancer patients. It included 30 items resulting in 5 functional scales (physical, role, emotional, cognitive, and social functioning), 1 GHS scale, 3 symptom scales (fatigue, nausea and vomiting, and pain), and 6 single items (dyspnea, insomnia, appetite loss, constipation, diarrhea, and financial difficulties). The questionnaire includes 28 items with 4-point Likert type responses from "1-not at all" to "4-very much" to assess functioning and symptoms; 2 items with 7-point Likert scales (1= poor and 7= excellent) for global health and overall QoL. Scores were transformed to a 0 to 100 scale, with higher scores representing better GHS, better functioning, and more symptoms.

Sponsors and collaborators

Lead sponsor

Janssen Research & Development, LLC

Industry

Registry information

Official study title

A Randomized Phase 3 Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of Daratumumab in Combination With Cyclophosphamide, Bortezomib and Dexamethasone (CyBorD) Compared to CyBorD Alone in Newly Diagnosed Systemic AL Amyloidosis

Important dates

Study start
2017
Primary completion
2020
Study completion
2024
First posted
Jun 28, 2017
Registry last updated
Nov 26, 2025

OpenTrials presents study information sourced from ClinicalTrials.gov. The official registry record should be consulted for the latest information.

View the official ClinicalTrials.gov record (opens in a new tab)

This listing is for discovery and informational purposes only. It is not medical advice, does not guarantee that a study is recruiting, and does not determine eligibility. Contact the study team and a qualified healthcare professional when considering participation.

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