A Study of TopSpin360 Training Device

Measured by a neck isometric device, maximal load in kilograms that could be applied to head before deviation from neutral position.

Measured by a neck isometric device, peak force divided by participant weight in kilograms.

Measured by a neck isometric device, average peak force.

Automatically collected by the TopSpin360 device, the multi-planar rate of force development (RFD) in pounds of force per second collected in both clockwise and counterclockwise.

Measured by a neck isometric device, reported in milliseconds (ms)

Blood will be at a biomarker level. We will investigate 5 different markers: NfL, SNCB, vWF, SNCA, and BDNF. Each biomarker will be measured in Nanograms per Milliliter (ng/ml).

Salivary biomarkers are relatively new and we will investigate to see if NfL, SNCB, vWF, SNCA, and BDNF. Each biomarker will be measured in Nanometer per milliliter (ng/ml).

Electroencephalograph (EEG) recording of brain electrical activity N100 potential amplitude. This measures is subsequently linearly transformed to a standardized score on a 0-100 scale, with larger peak amplitudes and shorter peak latencies resulting in higher scores.

Electroencephalograph (EEG) recording of brain electrical activity N100 potential latency. Increased latencies are indicative of slower responses. Obtained by EEG recording of N100 potential amplitude. This measures is subsequently linearly transformed to a standardized score on a 0-100 scale, with larger peak amplitudes and shorter peak latencies resulting in higher scores.

Electroencephalograph (EEG) recording of brain electrical activity P300 potential amplitude. This measures is subsequently linearly transformed to a standardized score on a 0-100 scale, with larger peak amplitudes and shorter peak latencies resulting in higher scores.

Electroencephalograph (EEG) recording of brain electrical activity P300 potential latency. Increased latencies are indicative of slower responses. This measures is subsequently linearly transformed to a standardized score on a 0-100 scale, with larger peak amplitudes and shorter peak latencies resulting in higher scores

Electroencephalograph (EEG) recording of brain electrical activity N400 potential amplitude. Increased amplitudes are indicative of larger signals. This measures is subsequently linearly transformed to a standardized score on a 0-100 scale, with larger peak amplitudes and shorter peak latencies resulting in higher scores.

Electroencephalograph (EEG) recording of brain electrical activity N400 potential latency. Increased latencies are indicative of slower responses. This measures is subsequently linearly transformed to a standardized score on a 0-100 scale, with larger peak amplitudes and shorter peak latencies resulting in higher scores.

A rapid number-naming test that requires individuals to read 3 numbered patters aloud as fast as possible, the resulting time if the KDT score. The post-season score is compared to the pre-season baseline. An increase in the number of seconds required to read the 3 number patterns is considered to be significant.