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NCT Number: NCT00471497

A Study of Imatinib Versus Nilotinib in Adult Patients With Newly Diagnosed Philadelphia Chromosome Positive (Ph+) Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia in Chronic Phase (CML-CP)

In this study, the efficacy and safety of two nilotinib doses, 300 mg twice daily and 400 mg twice daily, were compared with imatinib 400 mg once daily in newly diagnosed patients with Philadelphia chromosome-positive (Ph+) Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia in the chronic phase (CML-CP).

An extension protocol was included in this study design to allow patients who did not show sufficient response to their assigned treatments the opportunity to receive imatinib 400 mg BID (option available until protocol amendment 7) or nilotinib 400 mg BID, using an abbreviated safety and efficacy assessment schedule.

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Key information

Age range

18 year and older

Sex eligibility

All sexes

Study type

Interventional

Phase

Phase 3

Primary location

Novartis Investigative Site, CABA, Buenos Aires, Argentina

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About this study

Primary objectives of this study:

  • Compared the efficacy (major molecular response (MMR) rate at 12 months) of nilotinib at 400 mg bid with that of imatinib 400 mg qd in newly diagnosed, previously untreated Ph+ CML-CP patients.
  • Compared the efficacy (MMR rate at 12 months) of nilotinib at 300 mg bid with that of imatinib 400 mg qd in newly diagnosed, previously untreated Ph+ CML-CP patients.

The Primary objectives of Extension Phase of the study:

  • Characterized the safety and tolerability profile of nilotinib 400 mg BID after failure of imatinib or insufficiently responded to nilotinib 300 mg BID therapy and the safety and tolerability profile of imatinib therapy after failure of nilotinib therapy.

The study was designed to determine whether the treatment of newly diagnosed, previously untreated Ph+ CML-CP patients with either nilotinib 300 mg bid or 400 mg bid demonstrated improved efficacy compared to imatinib 400 mg qd. The primary efficacy endpoint was the rate of MMR defined as the proportion of patients who achieved ≥ 3 log reduction in BCR-ABL transcripts compared to either the standardized Baseline established in the IRIS trial (International Randomized Interferon versus STI571) (Cortes et al 2005) or to the BCR-ABL ratio ≤ 0.1% by International Scale, as detected by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RQ-PCR) at 12 months.

The key secondary endpoint was to compare the rate of durable MMR between nilotinib 300 mg bid with that of imatinib, and of nilotinib 400 mg bid with that of imatinib at 24 months. This report presents the final results of efficacy and safety at the LPLV (21-Aug-2019).

The main data analysis was done at the time when all patients completed 12 cycles of treatment (or discontinued earlier). There were two primary comparisons at this time point: the MMR rate of nilotinib 400 mg versus the MMR rate of imatinib 400 mg, and the MMR rate of the nilotinib 300 mg versus the MMR rate of the imatinib 400 mg. Comparisons were done sequentially, i.e. the MMR rate of nilotinib 400 mg versus the MMR rate of imatinib 400 mg was to be compared first; if it was significant at 5% level, the MMR rate of the nilotinib 300 mg versus the MMR rate of the imatinib 400 mg was to be compared. The study had a 90% power to detect a 15% difference between the nilotinib 400 mg arm versus imatinib 400 mg arm assuming that the MMR rate of imatinib is 40% and the MMR rate of nilotinib is 55%. The study also had a 90% power to detect a 15% difference between the nilotinib 300 mg and the imatinib 400 mg arms, if the comparison between the nilotinib 400 mg and the imatinib 400 mg was significant.

The second main data analysis was done at the time when all patients completed 24 cycles of treatment (or discontinued earlier). There were two key comparisons at this time point: the rate of durable MMR at 24 months of the nilotinib 400 mg versus the imatinib 400 mg, and the rate of durable MMR at 24 months of the nilotinib 300 mg versus the imatinib 400 mg.

In order to control the overall type I error rate at or below 5%, only when the corresponding comparison on the primary efficacy endpoint(s) was (were) significant, the key secondary comparison(s) of the respective nilotinib doses (400 mg bid and/or 300 mg bid) versus imatinib 400 mg qd were tested at two-sided 5% significance level.

Patients participating after demonstrating suboptimal response/treatment failure to their assigned study treatment in the core study were offered the option to continue in the extension study and to receive imatinib 400 mg bid (option available only until protocol amendment 7) or nilotinib therapy at a dose of 400 mg bid.

Who can participate

Healthy volunteers accepted: No

Only the study team can determine whether someone qualifies for participation.

Key Inclusion criteria:

  • Chronic myelogenous leukemia in chronic phase patients within the first 6 months of diagnosis.
  • Diagnosis of chronic myelogenous leukemia in chronic phase with confirmation of Philadelphia chromosome of (9:22) translocations

Key Exclusion criteria:

  • Previously documented T315I mutation
  • Treatment with a tyrosine kinase inhibitor prior to study entry is not allowed except for no more than 2 weeks in duration of imatinib
  • Any medical treatment for CML prior to study entry for longer than 2 weeks with the exception of hydroxyurea and/or anagrelide
  • Impaired cardiac function.
  • Severe or uncontrolled medical conditions (i.e. uncontrolled diabetes, active or uncontrolled infection).
  • Use of therapeutic coumarin derivatives (i.e., warfarin, acenocoumarol, phenprocoumon)
  • Currently receiving treatment with any medications that have the potential to prolong the QT interval.

Treatment and study plan

Nilotinib

Drug

Nilotinib was supplied as 50 mg, 150 mg and 200 mg hard gelatin capsules and administered orally at 300 mg BID (twice a day) or 400 mg BID (twice a day)depending on the randomized dose.

Other names: AMN107

Imatinib

Drug

Imatinib was supplied as 100 mg and 400 mg tablets and administered orally at 400 mg QD (once a day).

Other names: STI571

Primary outcomes

  1. Major Molecular Response Rate (MMR) at 12 Months Between All 3 Arms - With Imputation

    Time frame: Baseline, 12 months

    MMR is defined as the percentage of participants in MMR (reduction of ≥ 3 logs in BCR-ABL transcripts compared to the standardized baseline established in IRIS, or ≤ 0.1% BCR-ABL/ABL % by international scale and measured by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RQ-PCR)) at 12 months.

  2. Percentage of Participants With MMR at 12 Months Between All 3 Arms by Sokal Risk Group With Imputation

    Time frame: 12 months

    MMR is defined as the percentage of participants in MMR (reduction of ≥ 3 logs in BCR-ABL transcripts compared to the standardized baseline established in IRIS, or ≤ 0.1% BCR-ABL/ABL % by international scale and measured by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RQ-PCR)) at 12 months.

Secondary outcomes

  1. Rates of Durable MMR at 24 Months Between All 3 Arms

    Time frame: 24 months

    Durable MMR at 24 months is defined as having MMR both at 12 months and at 24 months, and with no documented loss of MMR between these 12 month and 24 month time points.

  2. Rate of Complete Cytogenetic Response (CCyR) in Nilotinib Treatment Arms With Imatinib at 12 Months and Beyond 12 Months

    Time frame: 12, 24, 36, 48, 60, 72 months (M)

    CCyR is defined as 0% Ph+ metaphases based on at least 20 metaphases from bone marrow cytogenetics. Patients with no CCyR as the best response by any specific time point, all missing cytogenetic evaluations by that time point or Ph- at baseline are combined as "Nocomplete cytogenetic response".

  3. Rate of Major Molecular Response (MMR) at 12 Months Between Two Nilotinib Arms

    Time frame: 12 months

    MMR is defined as the percentage of participants in MMR (reduction of ≥ 3 logs in BCR-ABL transcripts compared to the standardized baseline established in IRIS, or ≤ 0.1% BCR-ABL/ABL % by international scale and measured by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RQ-PCR)) at 12 months based on 12-month cut-off interim data.

  4. Rate of MMR at 6 Months and Beyond in All 3 Treatment Arms

    Time frame: 6, 12, 24, 36, 48, 60, 72, 84, 96, 108 and 120 months

    MMR is defined as the percentage of participants in MMR (reduction of ≥ 3 logs in BCR-ABL transcripts compared to the standardized baseline established in IRIS, or ≤ 0.1% BCR-ABL/ABL % by international scale and measured by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RQ-PCR)) at 6 months and beyond up to 120 months based on final data.

  5. Rate of a ≥ 4 Log Reduction in BCR-ABL Transcripts in Nilotinib Treatment Arms With Imatinib

    Time frame: at 6, 12, 24, 36, 48, 60, 72, 84, 96, 108 and 120 months

    Molecular response of <=0.01% is defined as BCR-ABL ratio (%) on IS <= 0.01% (corresponds to >=4 log reduction of BCR-ABL transcripts from standardized baseline value)

  6. Rate of a ≥ 4.5 Log Reduction in BCR-ABL Transcripts in Nilotinib Treatment Arms With Imatinib

    Time frame: at 6, 12, 24, 36, 48, 60, 72, 84, 96, 108 and 120 months

    This is the molecular response of <=0.0032% is defined as BCR-ABL ratio (%) on IS <= 0.0032% (corresponds to >=4.5 log reduction of BCR-ABL transcripts from standardized baseline value)

  7. Time to First MMR

    Time frame: up to 84 months

    Time to MMR is defined as time from date of randomization to the date of the first documented MMR in nilotinib treatment arms, compared to imatinib in adult patients with Ph+ CML in CP.

  8. Duration of MMR

    Time frame: approx. 11 years

    Duration of MMR for patients with MMR is defined as the time between date of MMR and the earliest of the following: loss of MMR, CML-related death or progression to AP/BC during study treatment The time will be censored at last molecular assessment (PCR) date for patients for whom none of the above events is reported.

  9. Time to Both a ≥ 4 and ≥ 4.5 Log Reduction in BCR-ABL Transcripts

    Time frame: up to 84 months

    Time to BCR-ABL ratio of ≤ 0.01% and ≤ 0.0032% is defined as: date of first BCR-ABL ratio of ≤ 0.01% and ≤ 0.0032% - date of randomization +1.

  10. Duration of Both a ≥ 4 and ≥ 4.5 Log Reduction in BCR-ABL Transcripts

    Time frame: approx. 11 years

    It is defined as the time from the date of first documented BCR-ABL ratio of ≤ 0.01% and ≤ 0.0032% to the earliest of the following: Loss of BCR-ABL ratio of ≤ 0.01% and ≤ 0.0032%, respectively, CML-related death or progression to AP/BC during study treatment. The time will be censored at last molecular assessment (PCR) date for patients for whom none of the above events is reported.

  11. Rate of Hematologic Response

    Time frame: 12 months, 24 months, Overall on Core study (approx. 11 years)

    Rate of hematologic response is defined as the percentage of participants in complete hematologic response (defined as the following present for at least 4 weeks: WBC count <10 x 109/L, Platelet count <450 x 109/L, Basophils <5%, No blasts and promyelocytes in peripheral blood, Myelocytes + metamyelocytes < 5% in peripheral blood, No evidence of extramedullary disease, including spleen and liver).

  12. Time to Complete Cytogenic Response (CCyR)

    Time frame: 24 months

    Time to CCyR is defined as the time from the date of randomization to the date of first documented CCyR

  13. Duration of CCyR

    Time frame: up to 72 months

    Duration of CCyR is defined as the time from date of first documented CCyR to the earliest date of loss of CCyR.

  14. Progression-free Survival (PFS)

    Time frame: approx. 11 years

    Progression-free survival is defined as the time from the date of randomization to the date of event defined as the first documented disease progression to AP/BC or the date of death from any cause occurring in the core or extension study, or during the follow-up period after discontinuation of core or extension study

  15. Event-free Survival (EFS)

    Time frame: approx. 11 years

    Event-free survival is defined as the time from the date of randomization to the date of first occurrence of any of the following: death due to any cause (if death is the primary reason for discontinuation), progression to AP or BC, loss of PCyR, loss of CCyR, loss of CHR

  16. Overall Survival (OS)

    Time frame: approx. 11 years

    OS is defined as the time from the date of randomization to the date death. Up to 10 calendar years of follow up from the date when the last patient randomized received the first dose of study drug in all active treatment arms of adult patients with Ph+ CML CP.

  17. Actual Dose-intensity

    Time frame: approx. 11 years

    Actual dose intensity is defined as total dose over time on treatment

  18. Time to Progression to AP/BC

    Time frame: approx. 11 years

    Time to progression to AP/BC is defined as the time from the date of randomization to the date of event defined as the first documented disease progression to AP/BC or the date of CML related death.

  19. Pharmacokinetics: Cmax

    Time frame: any day after day 8 up to cycle 12 (each cycle = 28 days) and after at least 3 consecutive days without dose interruption or dose modification at pre-dose (0 hour), 1 hour, 2 hours, 3 hours, 5 hours, 8 hours, and 12 hours after dose administration

    Cmax is defined as the maximum serum concentration after dose

  20. Pharmacokinetics: Cmin

    Time frame: any day after day 8 up to cycle 12 (each cycle = 28 days) and after at least 3 consecutive days without dose interruption or dose modification at pre-dose (0 hour), 1 hour, 2 hours, 3 hours, 5 hours, 8 hours, and 12 hours after dose administration

    Cmin is defined as the minimum serum concentration after dose

  21. Pharmacokinetics: Tmax

    Time frame: any day after day 8 up to cycle 12 (each cycle = 28 days) and after at least 3 consecutive days without dose interruption or dose modification at pre-dose (0 hour), 1 hour, 2 hours, 3 hours, 5 hours, 8 hours, and 12 hours after dose administration

    Tmax is defined as the sampling time when maximum measured serum concentration occurs

  22. Pharmacokinetics: AUC0-last

    Time frame: any day after day 8 up to cycle 12 (each cycle = 28 days) and after at least 3 consecutive days without dose interruption or dose modification at pre-dose (0 hour), 1 hour, 2 hours, 3 hours, 5 hours, 8 hours, and 12 hours after dose administration

    AUC0-last is defined as area under concentration-time curve from time zero to the last measurable sample, calculated by log-linear trapezoidal method

  23. Rate of Hematologic Response on Nilotinib 400 mg BID Therapy After Insufficient Response During Core Treatment and Switch to Extension Phase (Extension)

    Time frame: Overall for Extension study for approx. 10 years

    Rate of hematologic response is defined as the percentage of participants in complete hematologic response (defined as the following present for at least 4 weeks: WBC count <10 x 109/L, Platelet count <450 x 109/L, Basophils <5%, No blasts and promyelocytes in peripheral blood, Myelocytes + metamyelocytes < 5% in peripheral blood, No evidence of extramedullary disease, including spleen and liver).

  24. Rate of Complete Cytogenetic Response (CCyR) on Nilotinib 400 mg BID Therapy After Insufficient Response During Core Treatment and Switch to Extension Phase (Extension)

    Time frame: Overall for Extension study for approx. 10 years

    Rate of CCyR is defined as the percentage of participants in complete cytogenetic response (CCyR). CcyR is defined as 0% of Ph+ metaphases in the bone marrow.

  25. Rate of Major Molecular Response (MMR) on Nilotinib 400 mg BID Therapy After Insufficient Response During Core Treatment and Switch to Extension Phase (Extension)

    Time frame: Overall for Extension study for approx. 10 years

    Rate of MMR is defined as the percentage pf participants in MMR (reduction of ≥ 3 logs in BCR-ABL transcripts compared to the standardized baseline established in IRIS, or ≤ 0.1% BCR-ABL/ABL % by international scale and measured by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RQ-PCR))

  26. Rate of a ≥ 4 Log Reduction in BCR-ABL Transcripts on Nilotinib 400 mg BID Therapy After Insufficient Response During Core Treatment and Switch to Extension Phase (Extension)

    Time frame: Overall for Extension study for approx. 10 years

    Molecular response of <=0.01% is defined as BCR-ABL ratio (%) on IS <= 0.01% (corresponds to >=4 log reduction of BCR-ABL transcripts from standardized baseline value)

  27. Rate of ≥ 4.5 Log Reduction in BCR-ABL Transcripts on Nilotinib 400 mg BID Therapy After Insufficient Response During Core Treatment and Switch to Extension Phase (Extension)

    Time frame: Overall for Extension study for approx. 10 years

    Molecular response of <=0.0032% is defined as BCR-ABL ratio (%) on IS <= 0.0032% (corresponds to >=4.5 log reduction of BCR-ABL transcripts from standardized baseline value)

  28. Presence of Newly Observed BCR-ABL Mutations in Patients Post-baseline and Correlate With Response to Treatment With Imatinib and Nilotinib (Extension)

    Time frame: Overall for Extension study for approx. 10 years

    This is the percentage of patients with any emergent mutation on extension treatment. The mutation comprised of T315T, less sensitive to nilotinib, unknown and sensitive to nilotinib.

Sponsors and collaborators

Lead sponsor

Novartis Pharmaceuticals

Industry

Registry information

Official study title

A Phase III Multi-center, Open-label, Randomized Study of Imatinib Versus Nilotinib in Adult Patients With Newly Diagnosed Philadelphia Chromosome Positive (Ph+) Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia in Chronic Phase (CML-CP)

Acronym: ENESTnd

Important dates

Study start
2007
Primary completion
2009
Study completion
2019
First posted
May 10, 2007
Registry last updated
Nov 18, 2020

OpenTrials presents study information sourced from ClinicalTrials.gov. The official registry record should be consulted for the latest information.

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This listing is for discovery and informational purposes only. It is not medical advice, does not guarantee that a study is recruiting, and does not determine eligibility. Contact the study team and a qualified healthcare professional when considering participation.

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