A Study Looking at Kidney Function in Kidney Transplant Recipients Who Are Taking Anti-rejection Medication Including Tacrolimus and With or Without Sirolimus.

This study will evaluate the potential to reduce nephrotoxic calcineurin inhibitors (CNI) therapy by lowering tacrolimus exposure from Advagraf® in combination with the non-nephrotoxic immunosuppressant sirolimus to avoid the risk of acute graft rejection, compared with an Advagraf® and Mycophenolate Mofetil (MMF) immunosuppressive regimen.

Inclusion criteria

• End stage kidney disease and a suitable candidate for primary renal transplantation or re-transplantation (unless the graft was lost from rejection within 6 months)
• Receiving a kidney transplant from a deceased or living (non Human Leukocyte Antigen [HLA] identical) donor with compatible ABO blood type
• Female subject of childbearing potential has a negative serum or urine pregnancy test at enrollment
• Female and male subjects agree to maintain highly effective birth control during the study and for 90 days after discontinuation of dosing with study drugs. A highly effective method of birth control is defined as those which result in a low failure rate (CPMP/ ICH/ 286/ 95 modified) of less than 1% per year when used consistently and correctly such as implants, injectables, combined oral contraceptives, some Intrauterine Devises (IUDs), sexual abstinence or vasectomized partner

Exclusion criteria

• Receiving or having previously received an organ transplant other than a kidney
• Cold ischemia time of the donor kidney > 30 hours
• Panel Reactive Antibody (PRA) >20%
• Receiving a graft from a non-heart-beating donor other than of Maastricht category 3 (withdrawal of support awaiting cardiac arrest)
• Significant liver disease, defined as having continuously elevated SGPT/ ALT and/ or SGOT/ AST and/ or total bilirubin levels ≥ 2 times the upper value of the normal range of the investigational site or is receiving a graft from a hepatitis C or B positive donor
• Requiring initial sequential or parallel therapy with immunosuppressive antibody preparation(s)
• Requiring ongoing dosing with a systemic immunosuppressive drug prior to transplantation (other than minimal levels of immunosuppression following failure of previous transplantation without nephrectomy)
• Significant, uncontrolled concomitant infections and/ or severe diarrhea, vomiting, active upper gastro-intestinal tract malabsorption or active peptic ulcer
• Pregnant woman or breast-feeding mother
• Subject or donor known to be HIV positive
• Known allergy or intolerance to tacrolimus, macrolide antibiotics, corticosteroids, sirolimus, MMF or any of the product excipients or iodine
• Evidence of malignant disease within the last 5 years, not including non-malignant skin cancers
• Currently participating in another clinical trial, and/ or has taken an investigational drug within 28 days prior to enrollment
• Unlikely to comply with the visits scheduled in the protocol