A Smartphone Application (QuitBot) for the Improvement of Smoking Cessation Among American Indians and Alaska Natives, NAITIVE Trial

OUTLINE: Participants are randomized to 1 of 2 arms. Both groups receive access to a 42-day quit smoking program.

ARM I: Participants receive daily QuitBot program chatbot messages about the importance of quitting smoking, setting a quit date, preparing to quit, quitting, and maintaining abstinence over 42 days.

ARM II: Participants receive daily QuitBot text messages about the importance of quitting smoking, setting a quit date, preparing to quit, quitting, and maintaining abstinence over 42 days.

After completion of study intervention, participants are followed up at 3, 6, and 12 months and may be contacted thereafter for up to 24 months.

Inclusion criteria

• Self-identifying as American Indian or Alaska Native, either alone or in combination with other races
• Age 18 and older
• Smoking combustible cigarettes daily in the past year
• Interest in quitting smoking
• Interest in learning skills to quit smoking
• Willing to be randomly assigned
• Have daily access to their own Android or iPhone smartphone
• Ability to download a smartphone app
• Ability to read English
• Not currently (i.e., within past 30 days) using other smoking cessation interventions
• No prior participation in our studies
• No prior use of SFT
• No household or family member participating
• US residency for the next twelve months
• Willingness to complete follow-up assessments at the 3-, 6-, and 12-month follow-ups
• Providing email, phone number(s), and mailing address

Exclusion criteria

• The reverse of the inclusion criteria
• Pregnant or breastfeeding
• Use of other tobacco products (e.g., ceremonial use of tobacco, e-cigarettes) will be assessed but is not an exclusion criterion, as it would limit the study's generalizability