A Smartphone Application (ACT on Vaping) for Vaping Cessation in Young Adults

Primary outcomes

1. Overall Treatment Satisfaction Rating

   Time frame: At 3 months post-randomization

   We calculated descriptive statistics (mean, standard deviation) for the primary acceptability benchmark of overall satisfaction averaging at least 3.5 on a 1-5 Likert-type scale within the ACT on Vaping arm only.

   Overall satisfaction was assessed with a 5-point Likert-type item on the 3-month follow-up survey, with response options ranging from (1) "not at all" to (5) "very much." The ACT on Vaping benchmark average of 3.5 falls between ratings of 3="somewhat" and 4="mostly." Higher values are associated with a higher level of satisfaction.

2. Change in Readiness to Quit

   Time frame: From baseline to 3 months post-randomization

   Will evaluate differences of Contemplation Ladder scores. The 1-item Contemplation Ladder, scores range from 0-10, was used to assess readiness to quit using e-cigarettes. The higher the score, the more ready the person is to make a change. The anchor for the cut-off score of 5, indicating high vs. low quit readiness, is "Think I should quit but not quite ready."

3. Percentage of Participants With a 24-hour Quit Attempt

   Time frame: At 3 months post-randomization

   Making a 24-hour quit attempt between baseline and 3-month follow-up was assessed via self-report at the 3-month follow-up survey. The percentage of participants with self-reported 24-hour quit attempts is evaluated descriptively.

4. Cotinine-confirmed 30-day Point Prevalence Abstinence From All Nicotine and Tobacco

   Time frame: At 3 months post-randomization

   Complete case, self-reported 30-day abstinence from all nicotine and tobacco products at 3 months, confirmed via saliva cotinine testing. Differences were evaluated descriptively.