A Research Study to Look Into How Semaglutide, Together With a Lower Dose of Insulin Glargine, Compares to a Higher Dose of Insulin Glargine Alone in People With Type 2 Diabetes (SUSTAIN OPTIMIZE)

Change in HbA1c (Noninferiority) from baseline (Week 0) to end of treatment (Week 40) were reported. Here noninferiority was assessed based on the clinically acceptable margin of 0.3%-point for the mean treatment difference in HbA1c.

Change in body weight from baseline (Week 0) to end of treatment (Week 40) were reported. Body weight was measured in unit 'Kilogram (kg)'.

Percentage change in daily insulin dose from baseline (Week 0) to end of treatment (Week 40) were reported. Percentage change from baseline to week 40 in insulin dose (%) was calculated as: ([insulin dose at week 40] - [insulin dose at baseline]) / [insulin dose at baseline] × 100.

Change in HbA1c (Superiority) from baseline (Week 0) to end of treatment (Week 40) were reported.

Score of Diabetes Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire - change version (DTSQc) at end of treatment (week 40) were reported. The DTSQc provided a measure of how satisfied participants were with their current diabetes treatment compared with previous treatment. It consisted of 8 questions, which were to be answered on a Likert scale from -3 to +3 (-3 = much less satisfied now to +3 = much more satisfied now), with 0 (midpoint) representing no change. Out of 8 questions, 6 questions related to treatment satisfaction were summed to produce a total score. The DTSQc total treatment satisfaction score ranged from -18 to +18, with higher scores associated with greater treatment satisfaction.

Number of participants achieving Insulin dose = 0 U at the end of treatment (Week 40) were reported.

Number of participants achieving Insulin dose reduced from baseline by at least 50% by end pf treatment (Week 40) were reported.

Number of participants achieving HbA1c < 7% at the end of treatment (Week 40) were reported.

Number of severe hypoglycaemic episodes (level 3) from baseline (week 0) to end of treatment (week 40) were reported. Severe hypoglycaemia (level 3) was defined as hypoglycaemia with severe cognitive impairment requiring external assistance for recovery.

Number of clinically significant hypoglycaemic episodes (level 2) (<3.0 mmol/L (54 mg/dL), confirmed by BG meter) from baseline (week 0) to end of treatment (week 40) were reported. Clinically significant hypoglycaemia (level 2) was defined as plasma glucose value of less than (<) 3.0 mmol/L (54 mg/dL) confirmed by BG meter.

Number of clinically significant hypoglycaemic episodes (level 2) (<3.0 mmol/L (54 mg/dL), confirmed by BG meter) or severe hypoglycaemic episodes (level 3) from baseline (week 0) to end of treatment (week 40) were reported. Clinically significant hypoglycaemia (level 2) was defined as plasma glucose value of less than (<) 3.0 mmol/L (54 mg/dL) confirmed by BG meter. Severe hypoglycaemia (level 3) was defined as hypoglycaemia with severe cognitive impairment requiring external assistance for recovery.

Number of Participants achieving HbA1c reduced from baseline by at least 0.3%-points and Insulin dose reduced from baseline, No hypoglycaemic episodes (< 3.9 mmol/L (70 mg/dL) confirmed by BG meter) and No weight gain at the end of treatment (Week 40) were reported.

Score of Diabetes Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire - status version (DTSQs) at end of treatment (week 40) were reported. The status version measures a patient's current satisfaction with treatment using a 0-6 scale for each item; higher scores indicate greater satisfaction with the present treatment (absolute/status level). The DTSQs total treatment satisfaction score ranged from 0 to 36, with higher scores associated with greater treatment satisfaction.

Change in SF-36 physical and mental component from baseline (week 0) to end of treatment (Week 40) were presented. SF-36 is self-administered questionnaire that measures each of following 8 health domains: physical functioning, role limitations due to physical problems (role-physical), social functioning, bodily pain, mental health, role limitations due to emotional problems (role-emotional), vitality, and general health perception. There are also 2 component scores derived from the 8 subscale scores: mental component summary and physical component summary. Physical component summary contains physical functioning, role-physical, bodily pain and general health and mental component summary contain vitality, social functioning, role-emotional and mental health. Each SF-36 domain and component summary score ranges from 0 to 100, higher scores reflect better participant health status. A positive change score indicates an improvement since baseline.