A Portable Thoracic Impedance Device for Detecting Pulmonary Congestion in Heart Failure Patients

The primary objective is to determine the correlation between TBIT measurements and B-line scores obtained via portable lung ultrasound, with secondary objectives including correlations with thoracic water content from high-resolution CT scans, heart failure symptoms, and NT-proBNP levels adjusted for renal function. Conducted as a prospective, cross-sectional diagnostic study, the research involves heart failure patients recruited during hospital admissions or outpatient visits at heart failure and nephrology clinics. Data collected include TBIT, ultrasound, and CT imaging results, clinical data on heart failure severity, and symptom questionnaires. The study will assess correlations using statistical models such as Spearman's correlation coefficient and mixed-effects models, aiming to validate TBIT as a non-invasive, cost-effective tool for early detection of pulmonary congestion, potentially improving outpatient management and reducing heart failure-related hospitalizations. Ethical considerations include informed consent, confidentiality measures, and ensuring participant safety, with the study procedures being observational and not altering patient treatment based on TBIT results.

Inclusion criteria

• Adults aged 18 years or older.
• Diagnosed with heart failure, defined by the following criterion: hospitalization or an emergency visit for decompensated heart failure (pulmonary edema) within the last 12 months.

Exclusion criteria

• Pregnant women at the time of eligibility evaluation.
• Presence of an implanted electronic device in the thorax, such as a pacemaker or defibrillator.
• Inability to provide informed consent.
• Admission to intensive care or the coronary care unit.