A Pilot Study to Evaluate the Effectiveness of Focused Massage on Pain, Mobility, and Quality of Life During Radiation Treatment for Patients With Breast Cancer

National Cancer Institute (NCI) Patient Reported Outcomes Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (PRO-CTCAE) Custom Survey: self-reported musculoskeletal and joint pain defined by achiness over the last 7 days. Questions 1a, 1b, 1c--frequency, severity, and interference with usual activities d/t muscle achiness. Responses 1a, "not at all", "a little bit", "somewhat", "quite a bit", "very much"; 1b, "none", "mild", "moderate", "severe", and "very severe"; 1c,"not at all", "a little bit", "somewhat", "quite a bit", and "very much". Questions 2a, 2b, 2c-frequency, severity, and interference with usual activities d/t "aching joints". Responses 2a, "never", "rarely", "occasionally", "frequently", "almost constantly"; 2b, "none", "mild", "moderate", "severe", and "very severe", 2c,"not at all", "a little bit", "somewhat", "quite a bit", and "very much".

An 11-item scale r/t symptoms/ability to perform upper extremity (hand, arm, shoulder) activities during the past 7 days. Q1-6 focus on activities; responses: 1 (no difficulty), 2 (mild difficulty), 3 (moderate difficulty), 4 (severe difficulty), 5 (unable). Q7-asks to what extent has arm, shoulder, hand problems interfered with social activities. Responses: 1 (not at all), 2 (slightly), 3 (moderately), 4 (quite a bit), 5 (extremely). Q8-limitations in work/other regular daily activities due to arm, shoulder, or hand problems. Responses: 1 (not limited at all), 2 (slightly limited), 3 (moderately limited), 4 (very limited), 5 (unable). Q9 and 10-rate severity of arm, shoulder, or hand pain and tingling in the arm, shoulder or hand. Responses: 1 (none), 2 (mild), 3 (moderate), 4 (severe), 5 (extreme). Q11-difficulty with sleeping because of arm, shoulder, hand pain. Responses: 1 (no difficulty), 2 (mild difficulty), 3 (moderate difficulty), 4 (severe difficulty), 5 (sleep disruption).

A 12-item self-report instrument used to measure health-related quality of life. Questions grouped into 8 different health domains including physical functioning, role physical, bodily pain, general health, vitality, social function, role emotional, and mental health. Respondents rate their perception of health, how their physical and/or emotional health limits moderate activity, work or other regular activities inside and outside of the home, and social activities. All responses are answered with Likert scale choices of 1 (all of the time), 2 (most of the time), 3 (some of the time), 4 (a little of the time), and 5 (none of the time).

To evaluate patient acceptability of the massages offered during the course of radiation treatments using the AIM, Acceptability of the Intervention Measure (Weiner et al., 2017). A 4-item self-report measure, acceptability of the massage intervention by patients in this study will be offer important for a future investigation (In, 2017). Questions include: 1. The upper body massages met my approval.; 2. The upper body massages were appealing to me.; 3. I liked the upper body massages.; and 4. I welcomed the upper body massages. Responses include; 1-completely disagree; 2-disagree; 3-neither agree nor disagree; 4-agree; 5-completely agree.