A Phase 2 Efficacy and Safety Study of GAL-101, 2% Ophthalmic Solution in Non-foveal Geographic Atrophy Secondary to Non-neovascular AMD

In this study, if both eyes qualify for the study, the eye with the better BCVA will be defined as the study eye. If both eyes qualify for the study and have identical BCVA, then the eye with higher baseline peripheral retinal degenerations (PRD) will be defined as the study eye. If baseline PRD is identical, then the right eye (OD) will be defined as the study eye. Only the study eye will be dosed with the Investigation Medicinal Product (IMP).

During visits, patients will administer 3 applications of 1 drop of GAL-101 or a matching Placebo that does not contain the active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) at 5-minute intervals (i.e., 1st application, wait 5 minutes, 2nd application, wait 5 minutes, 3rd application), under the supervision of trained and authorized study personnel. In between visits, patients will be instructed to administer 2 applications of 1 drop at 5-minute intervals once a day.

The study will be comprised of a 12- to 24-month treatment period determined individually according to patients' overall placement in global study randomization. All patients will participate at least 12 months of treatment. The visit schedule includes the following: Screening visits (Visit 1a and 1b) for image capture and confirmation of study eligibility by a reading center; Baseline/Randomization/Day 1 (Visit 2); a phone call at 2 weeks; and on-treatment clinic visits for safety and efficacy evaluations at 1 month, 3 months, 6 months, 9 months, and 12 months. Patients will continue to attend on-treatment clinic visits at 3-month intervals after 12 months until the last patient randomized in the study has completed 12 months of study treatment.

Inclusion criteria

• ≥55 years of age
• Willing and able to provide written informed consent
• Willing and able to comply with the study schedule and study assessments
• Able to successfully administer ophthalmic solution or have an appropriate designee (e.g., family member, health care professional) who can administer ophthalmic solution
• BCVA of ≥50 letters in the study eye using Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) chart (i.e., 20/100 Snellen equivalent). Criterion will be confirmed at Baseline
• Refractive error between +3 and -6 diopters spherical equivalent in the study eye
• Sufficiently clear ocular media and adequate pupillary dilation to permit quality fundus imaging of the study eye, in the opinion of the Investigator. Criterion will be confirmed at Baseline
• Diagnosed with non-foveal GA secondary to non-neovascular AMD in the study eye, as confirmed by the reading center

• Well-delineated cumulative GA area between 1.25 and 12.0 mm2
• If GA is multifocal, at least 1 lesion ≥1.25 mm2
• GA lesions must be located outside a ≥100 µm radius from the center point of the fovea (i.e., this area must have intact retinal pigment epithelium [RPE] and outer retina)
• GA lesions must be located (partially or wholly) within a 2000 µm radius from the center point of the fovea
• GA lesions must be completely located within FAF imaging field (field 2 to 30-degree image centered on the fovea). GA lesion borders must be >300 µm from image edges
• GA lesions must be >300 µm from the optic disc and/or peripapillary atrophy
• Area of PRD must be cumulatively between 7.25 and 25.0 mm2

Exclusion criteria

• Presence or history of choroidal neovascularization (CNV). Criterion will be confirmed at Baseline
• History of laser therapy in the macular region, regardless of indication
• History of herpes zoster
• Ophthalmic disease or condition that requires or is likely to require surgery during the study period
• GA with cumulative area <1.25 mm2
• Any GA lesion within 100 µm radius from the center point of the fovea
• Axial length >26 mm
• Any ocular disease or condition other than non-neovascular AMD that may, in the opinion of the Investigator, interfere with study assessments, patient adherence to the study schedule, or interpretation of study data (e.g., epiretinal membrane, macular hole, glaucomatous optic neuropathy, etc.)
• Intraocular surgery (including cataract extraction and crystalline lens replacement) within 3 months before Visit 1a or yttrium aluminum garnet (YAG) surgery within 2 months before Visit 1a, or planned either during the study period
• Use of pegcetacoplan or avacincaptad pegol within 6 months before Visit 1a, or planned use during the study period
• Use of any prescription or over-the-counter ophthalmic medication within 1 month before Visit 1a or planned use during the study period
• Use of rigid contact lenses within 1 month before Visit 1a or planned use during the study period

Non-study Eye:

• BCVA of <5 letters using ETDRS chart (i.e., 20/800 Snellen equivalent)

Either Eye:

• History of uveitis
• GA secondary to any condition other than non-neovascular AMD
• History of active ocular infection or inflammation within 3 months before Visit 1a or Baseline. Criterion will be confirmed at Baseline
• Underwent investigational treatment for AMD within 6 months before Visit 1a

General Exclusion Criteria:

• History of therapeutic radiation to the cranium
• Known allergy or hypersensitivity to the investigational medicinal product (IMP) or any of its excipients
• History of malignant disease
• Use of hydroxychloroquine within 1 month before Visit 1a, or planned use during the study period
• Participated or plan to participate in any other IMP study within 1 month before Visit 1a or during the study period
• Use of lutein >10 mg per day or zeaxanthin >2 mg per day within 1 month before Visit 1a, or planned use during the study period
• Any medical condition (including mental), in the opinion of the Investigator, that could interfere with study assessments, patient adherence to the study schedule, or interpretation of study data
• Screening laboratory values, in the opinion of the Investigator, that make the patient unsuitable for study participation
• Pregnant, nursing, or planning a pregnancy during the study. Criterion will be confirmed at Baseline
• Unwilling or unable to use an acceptable method of contraception throughout the study if a woman of childbearing potential (WOCBP) or if a sexual partner of a WOCBP