A Multicenter, RAndomIzed, coNtrolled, umBrella Trial fOr Minimally Invasive Neurosurgery With AI-assisted Robotic guidanCe for Hemorrhagic Stroke

Positioning and surgical operation will be performed according to the robot navigation system protocols. Preoperative imaging data will be used for precise surgical planning, including the construction of a three-dimensional (3D) preoperative visualization model. The 3D reconstruction and CT data will be imported into the AI robot-assisted stereotactic system, which, after mapping to the patient's skull, automatically designs the surgical target, calculates coordinate values, plans the puncture trajectory, and determines the cranial entry point. Different surgical approaches will be selected based on the location and shape of the hematoma, and individualized parameters, including puncture direction and trajectory length, will be generated for each patient. During the procedure, the robot will assist with stereotactic puncture, while the patient's heart rate and blood pressure are closely monitored.

According to the "Chinese Neurosurgical Expert Consensus on the Diagnosis and Treatment of Primary Brainstem Hemorrhage", conventional medical treatment includes oxygen therapy, specialized nursing care, blood pressure control (maintaining BP at ≤140/90 mmHg), sedation, intracranial pressure reduction, arousal promotion, gastric protection, maintenance of internal homeostasis, infection prevention, neuro-nutrition, brain function support, nutritional support, and overall systemic management; For comatose patients, ensure a patent airway, provide nebulization and sputum clearance, prevent respiratory depression, and improve respiratory function. Closely monitor the patient's condition and provide active symptomatic treatment as needed. Regular cranial CT scans are performed to evaluate intracranial status, and in cases of ventricular hemorrhage or obstructive hydrocephalus, lateral ventricular puncture and drainage may be performed.