A Cluster Randomized Trial of a Telemedicine-Enabled Integrated Care Model for Stroke Prevention and Management in Rural Elderly Adults in China

Stroke is the leading cause of death and disability in China, with a disproportionately higher burden in rural areas. This study proposes a "technology-enabled, vertically integrated, pathway-integrated, performance-incentivized" care model to address the gaps in rural stroke management. The intervention group will use a dedicated digital health platform (https://ricestroke.sqfh.org.cn:8421/gp/#/login) that provides clinical decision support, remote consultation with specialists, patient follow-up reminders, and performance feedback for rural doctors. The control group will receive enhanced usual care without the digital platform. The study will enroll 2510 participants and follow them for 36 months to assess the impact of the intervention on clinical outcomes, risk factor control, and medication adherence.

Inclusion criteria

• Aged 65 years or older
• Rural residents with household registration or long-term residence (≥6 months/year) in the study area
• High risk of stroke as defined by the National Health Commission's "8+2" stroke risk screening tool: ≥3 risk factors OR history of stroke/TIA
• Willing to receive long-term health management from the assigned village clinic
• Written informed consent provided by the participant or their legal representative

Exclusion criteria

• Severe dementia or psychiatric disorder that prevents completion of study follow-up and assessments
• Life expectancy less than 1 year (e.g., advanced malignancy, end-stage renal disease)
• Currently participating in another interventional clinical trial