Psychological Capital and Suicide Ideation

Lifetime suicide ideation was assessed using participant survey responses. Lifetime suicide ideation was assessed using the suicide ideation subscale of the Columbia-Suicide Severity Rating Scale (C-SSRS), as modified by Núñez et al. (2019). The measure consisted of six progressive Yes/No items assessing lifetime suicide ideation. Responses were used to derive a score ranging from 0 to 6. The minimum score was 0 and the maximum score was 6. Higher scores indicated greater severity of suicide ideation and therefore a worse outcome; lower scores indicated less suicide ideation and therefore a better outcome. Scores were compared between the Psychological Capital (PsyCap) intervention and control groups across assessment time points.

Last Month Suicide Ideation was assessed using the suicide ideation subscale of the Columbia-Suicide Severity Rating Scale (C-SSRS), as modified by Núñez et al. (2019). The measure consisted of six progressive Yes/No items assessing suicide ideation during the previous month. Responses were used to derive a score ranging from 0 to 6. The minimum score was 0 and the maximum score was 6. Higher scores indicated greater severity of suicide ideation and therefore a worse outcome; lower scores indicated less suicide ideation and therefore a better outcome. Scores were compared between the Psychological Capital (PsyCap) intervention and control groups across assessment time points.

Life-in-General Psychological Capital was assessed using the 12-item Psychological Capital Questionnaire (PCQ-12), which measures the positive psychological resources of hope, efficacy, resilience, and optimism. Participants rated each of the 12 items in relation to their life in general using a 6-point Likert scale ranging from 1 (strongly disagree) to 6 (strongly agree). Item scores were summed to produce a total score ranging from 12 to 72. Higher scores indicated greater Psychological Capital and therefore a better outcome; lower scores indicated lower Psychological Capital and therefore a worse outcome. Scores were compared between the Psychological Capital intervention and control groups across assessment time points.

Schoolwork Psychological Capital was assessed using the 12-item Psychological Capital Questionnaire (PCQ-12), which measures the positive psychological resources of hope, efficacy, resilience, and optimism. Participants rated each of the 12 items in relation to their schoolwork using a 6-point Likert scale ranging from 1 (strongly disagree) to 6 (strongly agree). Item scores were summed to produce a total score ranging from 12 to 72. Higher scores indicated greater Psychological Capital and therefore a better outcome; lower scores indicated lower Psychological Capital and therefore a worse outcome. Scores were compared between the Psychological Capital intervention and control groups across assessment time points.

Relationship Psychological Capital was assessed using the 12-item Psychological Capital Questionnaire (PCQ-12), which measures the positive psychological resources of hope, efficacy, resilience, and optimism. Participants rated each of the 12 items in relation to their interpersonal relationships using a 6-point Likert scale ranging from 1 (strongly disagree) to 6 (strongly agree). Item scores were summed to produce a total score ranging from 12 to 72. Higher scores indicated greater Psychological Capital and therefore a better outcome; lower scores indicated lower Psychological Capital and therefore a worse outcome. Scores were compared between the Psychological Capital intervention and control groups across assessment time points.