Patient-Perceived Symptoms at the Center of Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) Management: Validation of the French Version of the Patient-Reported Apnea Questionnaire (PRAQ)

Internal validity (consistency measured by Cronbach's alpha and exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis) of the French version of the "Patient-Reported Apnea Questionnaire" (PRAQ)

Insomnia severity assessed using the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), a 7-item patient-reported questionnaire with a total score ranging from 0 to 28. Higher scores indicate more severe insomnia symptoms (0-7: no clinically significant insomnia; 8-14: subthreshold insomnia; 15-21: moderate insomnia; 22-28: severe insomnia).

Daytime sleepiness assessed using the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), an 8-item questionnaire with a total score ranging from 0 to 24. Higher scores indicate greater daytime sleepiness. Scores greater than 10 suggest excessive daytime sleepiness.

Anxiety and depressive symptoms assessed using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), a 14-item questionnaire comprising two subscales: Anxiety (HADS-A) and Depression (HADS-D). Each subscale ranges from 0 to 21. Higher scores indicate greater symptom severity (0-7: normal; 8-10: borderline abnormal; 11-21: abnormal).

Driving accident risk related to sleepiness assessed using the Bordeaux Sleepiness Scale (BOSS). The total score ranges from 0 to 8, with higher scores indicating a greater risk of sleepiness-related driving impairment and accident risk

Severity of hypersomnolence assessed using the Hypersomnia Severity Index (HSI), a patient-reported questionnaire with a total score ranging from 0 to 36. A total score of 10 or greater (or ≥ 11 in original validations) suggests clinically significant hypersomnolence, distinguishing individuals with sleep disorders from good sleepers

Fatigue severity assessed using the Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS), a 9-item questionnaire scored from 1 to 7 for each item. The total score is calculated as the mean of the nine items and ranges from 1 to 7. Higher scores indicate greater fatigue severity.

Sleep-related quality of life assessed using the Functional Outcomes of Sleep Questionnaire-10 (FOSQ-10), a 10-item questionnaire with a total score ranging from 5 to 20. Higher scores indicate better functional status and better quality of life related to sleep.

Health-related quality of life assessed using the 12-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-12). The questionnaire provides two standardized component scores: the Physical Component Summary (PCS) and the Mental Component Summary (MCS), each ranging from 0 to 100. Higher scores indicate better physical and mental health status.

Sleep health assessed using the RU-SATED Sleep Health Scale, which evaluates six dimensions of sleep health (Regularity, Satisfaction, Alertness, Timing, Efficiency, and Duration). The total score ranges from 0 to 24. Higher scores indicate better overall sleep health.

Nocturnal sleep complaints assessed using selected items from the Basic Nordic Sleep Questionnaire (BNSQ), including symptoms related to obstructive sleep apnea such as snoring, witnessed apneas, nocturnal awakenings, and non-restorative sleep. Higher scores indicate greater frequency or severity of nocturnal sleep complaints.

Global health status assessed using the Minimal European Health Module (MEHM), a 3-item questionnaire evaluating self-perceived health, chronic morbidity, and activity limitation. Scores reflect overall health status, with higher scores indicating poorer perceived health and greater health limitations.