Study on the Prevention of Weight Loss Through Physical Activity Among Nursing Home Residents

It will be assessed by measuring the bodyweight (kg) seven times (initially and once a month).

For the observational arm, it will be measured based on daily physical activity (min/day) as measured by activity trackers.

For the interventional arm, it will be measured based on participation in the physical activity program (ratio of sessions attended to sessions scheduled) over a 6-months period.

It consists of 4 items on a 5-point scale each to evaluate the appetite on a scale of 4 to 20. A score of 14 or less indicates a risk of 5% weight loss.

It will be assessed at visit 1 (M0) and visit 2 (M6).

The food in-take of patients will be assessed by the nursing home team. The assessment is scored in points, each of which represents 160 Kcal.

It will be measured at baseline and 6 months.

It will be based on the number of hospitalizations, consultations, medical and paramedical procedures, medications, medical devices, and transportation used. The datas will be collected retrospectively from the National System of Health Datas (SNDS).

It will be evaluated by the self-assessment questionnaire EQ-5D-5L.

It consists of two different components:

• A component comprising 5 dimensions (mobility, functional independence, daily activities, pain or discomfort and anxiety or depression), each described by 5 levels defining differents health status
• A visual analog scale on which patients rate their perceived health on a scale ranging from 0 to 100 (0 being the worst possible condition and 100 being the best).

It will be assessed at visit 1 (M0) and visit 2 (M6).

A blood test will be done at baseline to evaluate the blood concentrations of leptin, insulin and GDF-15.

Only the participants in the interventional arm will get through a second blood test to evaluate the changes in concentrations of leptin, GDF-15 and insulin over the course of 6 months.

It will be done at visit 2 (M6).

It will be assessed by the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE): it consists of 6 parts (orientation, learning, attention and calculus, reminder, language and constructive practices) resulting in a total score ranging between 0 and 30 (30 representing normal cognitive function).

It will be assessed at visit 1 (M0) and visit 2 (M6).

It will be assessed by the Mini Mental State Examination MNA (short version). It consists of 6 questions about recent loss of appetite and weight loss, the person's motor function, the presence of stress or an acute illness within the past 3 months, neuropsychological impairment (depression or dementia), and body mass index (BMI).

It will be assessed at visit 1 (M0) and visit 2 (M6).

It will be assessed by a whisper test. The evaluator stands behind the person, about 60 cm away, and whispers four words of 2 or 3 syllables into each ear. The resident must cover the untested ear by pressing on the tragus of the ear.

It will be assessed at visit 1 (M0) and visit 2 (M6).

It will be assessed by step 1 ICOPE question: asks the person about any impairment of distance or near vision while wearing glasses, the presence of eye diseases, pain, or eye discomfort, diabetes, high blood pressure, or whether they are taking corticosteroids or eye medication. If the answer is "yes" to at least one of these items, then vision is considered impaired.

It will be assessed at visit 1 (M0) and visit 2 (M6).

It will be assessed by the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) which evaluates the walking speed (4 meters test), the ability to get up from a chair 5 times and balance. It will be assessed at visit 1 (M0) and visit 2 (M6).

It will be assessed at visit 1 (M0) and visit 2 (M6).

It will be assessed by a grip strength test which evaluates the global muscular strength of the dominant arm via a Jamar dynamometer.

It will be assessed at visit 1 (M0) and visit 2 (M6).

It will be assessed by the Montgomery Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS). It evaluates the presence and gravity of a depressive syndrom comprising 10 questions made of 6 levels each. It will be completed by the healthcare team at visit 1 (M0) and visit 2 (M6).

It will be assessed by the PHQ-2 (self-assessment questionnaire) made of two questions: presence of a depressive or sadness symptom and loss of interest or enjoyment in doing things. It will be assessed at visit 1 (M0) and visit 2 (M6).

It will be done thanks to the blood tests done during visit 1 (M0) and visit 2 (M6) for the interventional arm and during visit 1 + 1 week only for the observational arm.