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NCT Number: NCT07820956

Ice Application for Oxacillin-Related Phlebitis and Pain

This randomized controlled trial evaluated whether ice application could reduce pain and peripheral intravenous phlebitis associated with oxacillin administration. Hospitalized patients receiving intravenous oxacillin were assigned to either an ice application group or a control group. In the intervention group, ice was applied to the area around the peripheral intravenous catheter before oxacillin administration. In the control group, a room-temperature water bag was applied in the same manner. Pain after oxacillin administration and signs of phlebitis at the intravenous catheter site were assessed and compared between the two groups. The study aimed to determine whether ice application could provide a simple, non-pharmacological approach to reducing oxacillin-related pain and phlebitis.

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Key information

Conditions

Peripheral Intravenous Phlebitis Cardiovascular Diseases Injection Site Pain Neurologic Manifestations Pain Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms Peripheral Vascular Diseases Phlebitis Signs and Symptoms Vascular Diseases Vasculitis

Age range

20 year–60 year

Sex eligibility

All sexes

Study type

Interventional

Phase

Not applicable

Primary location

Feng Yuan Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare

Fengyuan, Taiwan

Who can participate

Healthy volunteers accepted: No

Only the study team can determine whether someone qualifies for participation.

Inclusion criteria

Adults aged 20 to 60 years. Conscious and able to participate in the study. Intravenous injection site located on either hand. Receiving a single antibiotic medication during the study. Eligible regardless of sex or medical diagnosis.

Exclusion criteria

Dementia. Psychiatric disorders. Skin rash at the study site. Purpura. Pregnancy. Current oral corticosteroid use. Hemodialysis. Administration of a second medication or an injection containing two or more medications during the study.

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Treatment and study plan

ice application

Other

Ice was applied around the peripheral intravenous catheter site before intravenous oxacillin administration. The intervention was intended to reduce pain associated with oxacillin administration and the occurrence of peripheral intravenous phlebitis.

Room-Temperature Water-Bag Application

Other

A room-temperature water bag was applied around the peripheral intravenous catheter site before intravenous oxacillin administration as the control condition.

Primary outcomes

  1. Pain Intensity After Intravenous Oxacillin Administration

    Time frame: Up to 72 hours after intravenous oxacillin administration

    Pain intensity associated with intravenous oxacillin administration was assessed repeatedly after oxacillin administration across nine 8-hour intervals during the 72-hour observation period. Higher pain scores indicated greater pain intensity.

  2. Pain Intensity After Intravenous Oxacillin Administration

    Time frame: From 1 to 72 hours after initiation of the study intervention, assessed at 1-8, 9-16, 17-24, 25-32, 33-40, 41-48, 49-56, 57-64, and 65-72 hours.

    Pain intensity associated with intravenous oxacillin administration was assessed using a numerical rating scale, with higher scores indicating greater pain. Pain was assessed repeatedly after oxacillin administration across nine 8-hour intervals during the 72-hour observation period.

Sponsors and collaborators

Lead sponsor

Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology

Other

Registry information

Official study title

Effect of Ice Application on Reducing Peripheral Vascular Phlebitis and Pain After Oxacillin Injection: A Randomized Single-Blind Controlled Trial

Important dates

Study start
2022
Primary completion
2022
Study completion
2022
First posted
Sep 15, 2026
Registry last updated
Sep 15, 2026

OpenTrials presents study information sourced from ClinicalTrials.gov. The official registry record should be consulted for the latest information.

View the official ClinicalTrials.gov record (opens in a new tab)

This listing is for discovery and informational purposes only. It is not medical advice, does not guarantee that a study is recruiting, and does not determine eligibility. Contact the study team and a qualified healthcare professional when considering participation.

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