Prospective Explorative Research Study of Comparison of Biomarkers Related to Incontinence Associated Dermatitis (IAD) From Skin Swabs

The findings obtained from this study will be used to develop biosensors that aims to predict the increasing risk of developing IAD and hence be able to prevent the occurrence of IAD.

Inclusion criteria

• Age ≥ 18 years.
• Mentally and physically able to participate in this study.
• Willing and able to provide written informed consent to participate in this study or, if unable to provide such consent, have a legal representative who is willing and able to provide informed consent on behalf of the participant.
• Individual with urinary and/or faecal incontinence and using incontinence products at a regular basis.
• Has an area under incontinence products with IAD, incontinence associated dermatitis that shows any sign(s) of skin irritation e.g., redness, itching, rashes. 1A and 2A according to GLOBIAD categorisation model [Appendix C for detailed description]. 1A is persistent redness without clinical sign of infection and 2A is skin loss without clinical sign of infection.

Exclusion criteria

• Severe skin breakdown at the investigated area.
• Individual with skin infection at the investigated area.
• GLOBIAD 1B and 2B, 1B is persistent redness with clinical signs of infection and 2B is skin loss with clinical sign of infection