Efficacy Evaluation of Microwave Ablation Assisted by Diaphragm Hydrodissection for Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Comparative Analysis With Surgical

The goal of this observational study is to evaluate the local efficacy and safety of hydrodissection-assisted microwave ablation for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma, and to compare its therapeutic outcomes with surgical resection for hepatocellular carcinoma. The main questions it aims to answer are:

Is hydrodissection-assisted microwave ablation safe and effective for treating hepatocellular carcinoma? How does the therapeutic effect of hydrodissection-assisted microwave ablation compare with surgical resection for hepatocellular carcinoma? Patients who receive either microwave ablation or surgical resection will Undergo a 2-year follow-up period.

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Key information

Conditions

Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) Adenocarcinoma Carcinoma Carcinoma, Hepatocellular Digestive System Diseases Digestive System Neoplasms Liver Diseases Liver Neoplasms Neoplasms Neoplasms by Histologic Type Neoplasms by Site Neoplasms, Glandular and Epithelial

Age range

18 year and older

Sex eligibility

All sexes

Study type

Observational

Who can participate

Healthy volunteers accepted: No

Only the study team can determine whether someone qualifies for participation.

Inclusion criteria

Patients with Child-Pugh grade A or B liver function.Single hepatic lesion with a maximum diameter ≤ 5 cm.The lesion is located in the subphrenic region with a distance ≤ 10 mm from the right diaphragm.

Exclusion criteria

Presence of extrahepatic metastasis or other concomitant malignant tumors.Presence of severe cardiac, pulmonary, or renal dysfunction.Platelet count < 50×10⁹/L with irreversible coagulation disorders. Patients with incomplete imaging or clinical medical data.

Treatment and study plan

Microwave Ablation Assisted by Diaphragm Hydrodissection

Procedure

For subphrenic hepatocellular carcinoma treated with microwave ablation, ultrasound-guided injection of normal saline into the diaphragm is performed during ablation to establish a hydrodissection barrier and optimise lesion visualisation.

Surgical resection

Procedure

Patients with subphrenic hepatocellular carcinoma who undergo surgical resection are managed according to clinical diagnostic and therapeutic standards for hepatocellular carcinoma.

Primary outcomes

Progression-free survival (PFS)

Time frame: Up to 2 years after treatment

the time from initiation of treatment to disease progression or death.

Secondary outcomes

Overall survival (OS)

Time frame: Up to 2 years after treatment

the time from initiation of treatment to death, loss to follow-up, or last follow-up.

Study contacts

Contact information is provided by the study sponsor or research team.

dezhi Zhang Associate Chief Physician, MD

CONTACT

[email protected]

+8618186876068

Sponsors and collaborators

Lead sponsor

The First Hospital of Jilin University

Other

Registry information

Important dates

Study start: 2026
Primary completion: 2028
Study completion: 2029
First posted: Sep 11, 2026
Registry last updated: Sep 11, 2026

OpenTrials presents study information sourced from ClinicalTrials.gov. The official registry record should be consulted for the latest information.

View the official ClinicalTrials.gov record (opens in a new tab)

This listing is for discovery and informational purposes only. It is not medical advice, does not guarantee that a study is recruiting, and does not determine eligibility. Contact the study team and a qualified healthcare professional when considering participation.

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