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NCT Number: NCT07807137

City-Wide Implementation and Evaluation of the B-OK Bottles for HIV Treatment Adherence Support in the Philadelphia Ryan White Medical Case Management Network

We will conduct a hybrid implementation-effectiveness study of a city-wide B-OK rollout led by PDPH with research and evaluation support from the University of Pennsylvania. The rollout uses a randomized stepped-wedge design across the 21 MCM sites that have not previously received B-OK. The four pilot sites that received bottles without structured training in late 2023 will now also receive the full package and be trained but be analyzed as a separate stratum given prior exposure. The evaluation is organized under RE-AIM, with implementation outcomes defined using Proctor's taxonomy and contextual determinants assessed using CFIR.

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Key information

Who can participate

Healthy volunteers accepted: Yes

Only the study team can determine whether someone qualifies for participation.

Inclusion criteria

  • Medical Case Managers (MCM) from the 25 agencies that received Ryan White funding for HIV medical case management in Philadelphia in 2025
  • Clients living with HIV that receive case management from one of the 25 agencies that received Ryan White funding for HIV medical case management in Philadelphia in 2025

Exclusion criteria

  • Unwilling or unable to provide consent for study participation

Treatment and study plan

B-OK Bead Bottles

Behavioral

People will receive information about HIV and ART that is communicated using B-OK bottles as visual aids to make the information more salient. The bottles explain how HIV affects a person's health and how ART reduces viral load and eliminates HIV transmission risk.

Primary outcomes

  1. HIV viral suppression

    Time frame: Every 6 months

    Binary, assigned to each client active at a participating site as of the end of each two-month (bimonthly) observation period. A client is classified as virally suppressed for a period if they had at least one viral load measured during the 6 months ending at the close of that period and the most recent such viral load was <200 copies/mL; clients with no viral load measured during that 6-month window are classified as not suppressed. This is consistent with the PDPH surveillance definition of viral suppression and allows every active client to be classified in every period (baseline city average 74.4%).

Secondary outcomes

  1. Engagement in care

    Time frame: Every 6 months

    Binary; a viral load or CD4 count measured within the 6-month lookback window for the observation period.

Other outcomes

  1. Acceptability, appropriateness, feasibility of the B-OK Bottles

    Time frame: Every 6 months

    Implementation outcomes will be summarized descriptively overall and by site, time point, and stratum (pilot vs. newly trained). AIM/IAM/FIM scores and usage/penetration measures will be compared across the three survey time points and between the passive-dissemination (pilot baseline) and structured-training conditions

  2. Retention in care

    Time frame: Every 12 months

    Two or more laboratory results ≥91 days apart within a calendar year (PDPH surveillance definition; baseline 59.4%), analyzed based on a 12-month lookback for each observation period.

  3. Adoption and penetration

    Time frame: Every 6 months

    Proportion of MCMs using B-OK and proportion of clients with whom it is used

  4. Delivery quality (fidelity)

    Time frame: Every 6 months

    MCM self-reported delivery of core B-OK elements and a brief role-play / competency check during a post-implementation MCM interview

  5. Maintenance/sustainability

    Time frame: Every 6 months

    Continued use across 6- and 12-month surveys; pilot-site sustainability

  6. Client-reported reach and value

    Time frame: Every 6 months

    Client surveys and interviews

Study contacts

Contact information is provided by the study sponsor or research team.

Aaron Richterman, PhD

CONTACT

[email protected]

Teniola Egbe, MPH, MBE

CONTACT

[email protected]

215-898-2939

Sponsors and collaborators

Lead sponsor

University of Pennsylvania

Other

Registry information

Acronym: B-OK PDPH

Important dates

Study start
2026
Primary completion
2028
Study completion
2029
First posted
Sep 8, 2026
Registry last updated
Sep 8, 2026

OpenTrials presents study information sourced from ClinicalTrials.gov. The official registry record should be consulted for the latest information.

View the official ClinicalTrials.gov record (opens in a new tab)

This listing is for discovery and informational purposes only. It is not medical advice, does not guarantee that a study is recruiting, and does not determine eligibility. Contact the study team and a qualified healthcare professional when considering participation.

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