This randomized controlled study aims to compare short-axis/out-of-plane and long-axis/in-plane ultrasound-guided techniques for radial artery cannulation in adult patients undergoing elective surgery. The study will also investigate whether the depth of the radial artery from the skin is associated with cannulation success and may help guide the selection of the ultrasound-guided cannulation technique.
Participants will be randomly assigned to either the short-axis/out-of-plane group or the long-axis/in-plane group. Radial artery depth will be measured using ultrasound before cannulation. The two techniques will be compared in terms of cannulation success, including first-attempt success, number of punctures and needle redirections, time to successful cannulation, failed cannulation, and procedure-related complications.