Effect of Simulation-Based First Aid and Basic Health Training on Parents of Children With Special Need

Childhood accidents and sudden health emergencies are significant public health concerns that may lead to severe injury or death. Parents, as primary caregivers, play a critical role in providing timely first aid and basic health interventions; however, studies indicate that their knowledge and practical skills are often limited, particularly among families of children with special needs. Therefore, structured training programs are essential. This study aims to evaluate the effect of 5E (Engage, Explore, Explain, Elaborate, and Evaluate)model-based simulation training in first aid and basic health on the knowledge and practical skills of parents of children with special needs. By integrating active learning, hands-on workshops, and interactive teaching methods, the program seeks to enhance theoretical knowledge and practical competence, ultimately supporting safer and more effective responses to pediatric emergencies.

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Key information

Conditions

First Aid Training Adherence Interventions Behavior Health Behavior Health Education Medication Adherence Patient Acceptance of Health Care Patient Compliance Treatment Adherence and Compliance

Age range

18 year–65 year

Sex eligibility

All sexes

Study type

Interventional

Phase

Not applicable

Who can participate

Healthy volunteers accepted: Yes

Only the study team can determine whether someone qualifies for participation.

Inclusion criteria

Age 18 years or older Being a parent of a child with special needs Living with the child with special needs Being able to read and write in Turkish Not being a healthcare professional providing care to the child Having no previous first aid training

Exclusion criteria

Having a visual or speech impairment Not living with the child with special needs

Withdrawal Criteria:

Voluntary withdrawal from the study Failure to attend the required training sessions during the five-week training program Failure to participate in the post-training assessment

Treatment and study plan

5E Model-Based Simulation Training Group

Other

Participants in the 5E Model-Based Simulation Training Group will receive a comprehensive five-week training program based on the 5E instructional model, including theoretical instruction, mannequin-based practice, and simulation-based scenarios. The simulation-based activities will cover common pediatric emergencies such as airway obstruction, loss of consciousness, bleeding, dehydration, psychological first aid, and basic life support

Standard Training Group

Other

Participants in the Standard Training Group will receive a five-week training program with the same duration and educational content as the 5E Model-Based Simulation Training Group, including theoretical instruction and mannequin-based practice, but without simulation-based scenarios. This design will allow the assessment of the added effect of 5E model-based simulation training on training effectiveness.

Primary outcomes

Parent and Child Descriptive Information Form,

Time frame: Pre-training assessment(to)=Before the first training session (November 6, 2026)

The Parent and Child Descriptive Information Form is a 10-item form used to collect demographic and background information about the parents and their children with special needs. The form includes questions regarding the participant's age, sex, education level, marital status, employment status, economic status, duration of providing care to the child with special needs, previous participation in similar training programs, and the age and sex of the child receiving care.
First Aid Knowledge Assessment Form:

Time frame: Pre-training assessment(t0) and Post-training assessment(t1)=Before the first training session (November 6, 2026) and immediately after the fifth training session (December 4, 2026)

The First Aid Knowledge Assessment Form is a 30-item instrument used to assess parents' knowledge of first aid. It evaluates knowledge related to general first aid, basic life support, foreign body airway obstruction, injuries, bleeding and shock, disorders of consciousness, burns, heatstroke and frostbite, fractures, dislocations and sprains, and poisoning. Each item is answered as "Yes," "No," or "I don't know." Correct responses are scored as 1 point, whereas incorrect or "I don't know" responses are scored as 0 points. Total scores range from 0 to 30.
Basic Health Education Knowledge Assessment Form:

Time frame: Pre-training assessment(t0) and Post-training assessment(t1)=Before the first training session (November 6, 2026) and immediately after the fifth training session (December 4, 2026)

The Basic Health Education Knowledge Assessment Form is a 14-item instrument developed by the researchers to assess parents' knowledge of topics covered in the basic health education program. The form evaluates knowledge related to pediatric emergencies, nutrition, home health and safety, and psychological first aid. Each item is answered as "Yes," "No," or "I don't know." Correct responses are scored as 1 point, whereas incorrect or "I don't know" responses are scored as 0 points. Total scores range from 0 to 14.
First Aid Skills Evaluation Form:

Time frame: Post-training assessment(t1)=Immediately after the fifth training session (December 4, 2026)

The First Aid Skills Evaluation Form is a 36-item instrument developed by the researchers to assess parents' practical first aid skills. The form evaluates basic first aid, management of airway obstruction, minor bleeding control, and basic life support skills for three age groups: infants (0-1 year), children (1-8 years), and adults. Each skill is rated on a 0-2 scale, with 0 indicating unable or incorrect performance, 1 indicating partially correct or assisted performance, and 2 indicating fully correct performance. Total scores range from 0 to 72.

Sponsors and collaborators

Lead sponsor

Ankara Yildirim Beyazıt University

Other

Registry information

Official study title

Effect of Simulation-Based First Aid and Basic Health Training Grounded in the 5E Model on Knowledge and Skills of Parents of Children With Special Needs: This Workshop Brings Life!

Important dates

Study start: 2026
Primary completion: 2027
Study completion: 2027
First posted: Sep 1, 2026
Registry last updated: Sep 1, 2026

OpenTrials presents study information sourced from ClinicalTrials.gov. The official registry record should be consulted for the latest information.

View the official ClinicalTrials.gov record (opens in a new tab)

This listing is for discovery and informational purposes only. It is not medical advice, does not guarantee that a study is recruiting, and does not determine eligibility. Contact the study team and a qualified healthcare professional when considering participation.

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