Evaluating Different Protocols of Non-invasive Brain Stimulation (NIBS) in Stroke Rehabilitation

UE-FMA is a standardized, performance-based impairment index used to evaluate motor recovery following a stroke. The score ranges from 0 to 66. Higher score indicates higher function.

UE-FMA is a standardized, performance-based impairment index used to evaluate motor recovery following a stroke. The score ranges from 0 to 66. Higher score indicates higher function.

UE-FMA is a standardized, performance-based impairment index used to evaluate motor recovery following a stroke. The score ranges from 0 to 66. Higher score indicates higher function.

ARAT is a 19-item test used to evaluate upper extremity function, with scores ranging from a minimum of 0 to a maximum of 57. Higher scores on the ARAT indicate better functional performance, while lower scores indicate greater impairment.

ARAT is a 19-item test used to evaluate upper extremity function, with scores ranging from a minimum of 0 to a maximum of 57. Higher scores on the ARAT indicate better functional performance, while lower scores indicate greater impairment.

ARAT is a 19-item test used to evaluate upper extremity function, with scores ranging from a minimum of 0 to a maximum of 57. Higher scores on the ARAT indicate better functional performance, while lower scores indicate greater impairment.

It is an indicator of cortical excitability, will be measured by TMS.

It is an indicator of cortical excitability, will be measured by TMS.

It is an indicator of cortical excitability, will be measured by TMS.

Test for muscle spasticity, score ranges from 0 to 4, with higher score indicating worse outcome.

Test for muscle spasticity, score ranges from 0 to 4, with higher score indicating worse outcome.

Test for muscle spasticity, score ranges from 0 to 4, with higher score indicating worse outcome.

Coherence measures the consistency of phase and amplitude between two brain regions, indicating how effectively they are communicating. It is a primary indicator of functional connectivity:

Coherence measures the consistency of phase and amplitude between two brain regions, indicating how effectively they are communicating. It is a primary indicator of functional connectivity:

Coherence measures the consistency of phase and amplitude between two brain regions, indicating how effectively they are communicating. It is a primary indicator of functional connectivity:

Measured by fMRI. fALFF measures the intensity of spontaneous brain activity. It calculates the ratio of power in the low-frequency range (0.01-0.1 Hz) compared to the entire frequency spectrum.

Measured by fMRI. fALFF measures the intensity of spontaneous brain activity. It calculates the ratio of power in the low-frequency range (0.01-0.1 Hz) compared to the entire frequency spectrum.

Measured by fMRI. fALFF measures the intensity of spontaneous brain activity. It calculates the ratio of power in the low-frequency range (0.01-0.1 Hz) compared to the entire frequency spectrum.

BBT measures unilateral gross manual dexterity by asking the user to move as many 1-inch wooden blocks as possible from one compartment to another over a partition in 60 seconds. It assesses the ability to grasp, transport, and release objects quickly, primarily used for patients with stroke or upper limb impairments.

BBT measures unilateral gross manual dexterity by asking the user to move as many 1-inch wooden blocks as possible from one compartment to another over a partition in 60 seconds. It assesses the ability to grasp, transport, and release objects quickly, primarily used for patients with stroke or upper limb impairments.

BBT measures unilateral gross manual dexterity by asking the user to move as many 1-inch wooden blocks as possible from one compartment to another over a partition in 60 seconds. It assesses the ability to grasp, transport, and release objects quickly, primarily used for patients with stroke or upper limb impairments.

The EQ-5D-5L is a standardized, self-reported questionnaire used to measure health-related quality of life (HRQoL) across five dimensions: mobility, self-care, usual activities, pain/discomfort, and anxiety/depression. Each dimension scores from 1 to 5, with higher score indicating worse outcome.

The EQ-5D-5L is a standardized, self-reported questionnaire used to measure health-related quality of life (HRQoL) across five dimensions: mobility, self-care, usual activities, pain/discomfort, and anxiety/depression. Each dimension scores from 1 to 5, with higher score indicating worse outcome.

The EQ-5D-5L is a standardized, self-reported questionnaire used to measure health-related quality of life (HRQoL) across five dimensions: mobility, self-care, usual activities, pain/discomfort, and anxiety/depression. Each dimension scores from 1 to 5, with higher score indicating worse outcome.

The Behavioral Inattention Test (BIT) is a comprehensive, 40-minute paper-and-pencil screening tool used to assess unilateral visual neglect in stroke patients. It combines six conventional tests (e.g., line crossing) and nine daily-life behavioral tests (e.g., menu reading) to detect neglect in everyday situations, with a total score of 227. Higher score indicates better outcome.

The Behavioral Inattention Test (BIT) is a comprehensive, 40-minute paper-and-pencil screening tool used to assess unilateral visual neglect in stroke patients. It combines six conventional tests (e.g., line crossing) and nine daily-life behavioral tests (e.g., menu reading) to detect neglect in everyday situations, with a total score of 227. Higher score indicates better outcome.

The Behavioral Inattention Test (BIT) is a comprehensive, 40-minute paper-and-pencil screening tool used to assess unilateral visual neglect in stroke patients. It combines six conventional tests (e.g., line crossing) and nine daily-life behavioral tests (e.g., menu reading) to detect neglect in everyday situations, with a total score of 227. Higher score indicates better outcome.

A functional, observational assessment used to measure the presence and severity of unilateral spatial neglect (USN) in everyday life. The scale ranges from 0 to 30, with higher score indicating worse outcomes.

A functional, observational assessment used to measure the presence and severity of unilateral spatial neglect (USN) in everyday life. The scale ranges from 0 to 30, with higher score indicating worse outcomes.

A functional, observational assessment used to measure the presence and severity of unilateral spatial neglect (USN) in everyday life. The scale ranges from 0 to 30, with higher score indicating worse outcomes.

test for walking speed

test for walking speed

test for walking speed

The Five Times Sit to Stand Test (5xSTS) is a simple, standardized functional assessment used to measure lower extremity strength, transitional movement ability, and dynamic balance, primarily in older adults. It is commonly used to screen for fall risks and evaluate mobility in clinical settings.

The Five Times Sit to Stand Test (5xSTS) is a simple, standardized functional assessment used to measure lower extremity strength, transitional movement ability, and dynamic balance, primarily in older adults. It is commonly used to screen for fall risks and evaluate mobility in clinical settings.

The Five Times Sit to Stand Test (5xSTS) is a simple, standardized functional assessment used to measure lower extremity strength, transitional movement ability, and dynamic balance, primarily in older adults. It is commonly used to screen for fall risks and evaluate mobility in clinical settings.

The Functional Ambulation Classification (FAC) is a 6-point ordinal scale used to evaluate functional walking ability based on the level of human assistance required. The score is ranged from 0 (Non-functional ambulator) to 5 (Independent ambulator). Higher scale indicates better outcomes.

The Functional Ambulation Classification (FAC) is a 6-point ordinal scale used to evaluate functional walking ability based on the level of human assistance required. The score is ranged from 0 (Non-functional ambulator) to 5 (Independent ambulator). Higher scale indicates better outcomes.

The Functional Ambulation Classification (FAC) is a 6-point ordinal scale used to evaluate functional walking ability based on the level of human assistance required. The score is ranged from 0 (Non-functional ambulator) to 5 (Independent ambulator). Higher scale indicates better outcomes.

AusTOMS is a standardized, clinician-rated tool designed to measure the impact of speech pathology interventions in rehabilitation settings, including stroke recovery. It provides a quick "snapshot" (typically under 5 minutes) of a patient's status across four specific domains: Impairment, Activity Limitation, Participation Restriction, and Wellbeing. Score of each domain ranges from 0 to 5, a higher score indicates improvement or better functioning.

AusTOMS is a standardized, clinician-rated tool designed to measure the impact of speech pathology interventions in rehabilitation settings, including stroke recovery. It provides a quick "snapshot" (typically under 5 minutes) of a patient's status across four specific domains: Impairment, Activity Limitation, Participation Restriction, and Wellbeing. Score of each domain ranges from 0 to 5, a higher score indicates improvement or better functioning.

AusTOMS is a standardized, clinician-rated tool designed to measure the impact of speech pathology interventions in rehabilitation settings, including stroke recovery. It provides a quick "snapshot" (typically under 5 minutes) of a patient's status across four specific domains: Impairment, Activity Limitation, Participation Restriction, and Wellbeing. Score of each domain ranges from 0 to 5, a higher score indicates improvement or better functioning.

WAB-R is a standardized diagnostic tool used by clinicians to assess the language and communication abilities of adults with acquired neurological disorders like stroke or head injury. It identifies the presence, type, and severity of aphasia. Range of score is 0 to 100. Higher score indicates better language function.

WAB-R is a standardized diagnostic tool used by clinicians to assess the language and communication abilities of adults with acquired neurological disorders like stroke or head injury. It identifies the presence, type, and severity of aphasia. Range of score is 0 to 100. Higher score indicates better language function.

WAB-R is a standardized diagnostic tool used by clinicians to assess the language and communication abilities of adults with acquired neurological disorders like stroke or head injury. It identifies the presence, type, and severity of aphasia. Range of score is 0 to 100. Higher score indicates better language function.