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NCT Number: NCT07785115

Full-Mouth vs. Quadrant-Wise Scaling and Root Planing: Clinical Effectiveness, Environmental Sustainability, and Patient-Reported Outcomes

This randomized clinical trial compares full-mouth and quadrant-wise scaling and root planing in patients with Stage III periodontitis. In addition to evaluating clinical effectiveness and patient-reported outcomes, the study investigates the environmental sustainability of both treatment protocols using life cycle assessment. The findings are expected to contribute to more sustainable and patient-centered periodontal treatment planning.

Active, not recruiting

This study is active but is not currently recruiting participants.

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Key information

Conditions

Stage III Periodontitis Mouth Diseases Periodontal Diseases Periodontitis Stomatognathic Diseases

Age range

18 year–65 year

Sex eligibility

All sexes

Study type

Interventional

Phase

Not applicable

Primary location

Selcuk University Faculty of Dentistry

Konya, 42060, Turkey (Türkiye)

Who can participate

Healthy volunteers accepted: No

Only the study team can determine whether someone qualifies for participation.

Inclusion criteria

Age ≥18 years. Diagnosis of Stage III periodontitis according to the 2017 World Workshop -Classification of Periodontal and Peri-Implant Diseases and Conditions.

Presence of at least four teeth in each quadrant, including at least one molar, excluding third molars.

Absence of any systemic disease. No regular use of systemic medications. No history of periodontal treatment within the previous 6 months. No use of antibiotics, anti-inflammatory agents, or any other medications that could affect periodontal tissues within the previous 6 months.

Non-smokers or individuals who had ceased smoking for at least 1 year prior to enrollment.

Not pregnant or breastfeeding.

Exclusion criteria

Age <18 years. Presence of any systemic disease. Regular use of systemic medications. History of periodontal treatment within the previous 6 months. Failure to complete the treatment protocol or attend scheduled follow-up visits.

Current smoking. Use of antibiotics, anti-inflammatory agents, or any other medications that could affect the periodontal tissues within the previous 6 months.

Requirement for antibiotic prophylaxis prior to dental treatment.

Treatment and study plan

Full-Mouth Scaling and Root Planing

Procedure

Full-mouth scaling and root planing was completed in a single treatment session using ultrasonic scalers and Gracey curettes. Standardized oral hygiene instructions were provided before treatment. Participants were re-evaluated at 1-, 3-, and 6-month follow-up visits, and additional non-surgical periodontal treatment was provided for sites requiring further therapy when clinically indicated.Clinical outcomes, patient-reported outcomes, and the environmental impact of the treatment protocol were assessed throughout the study.

Quadrant-Wise Scaling and Root Planing

Procedure

Quadrant-wise scaling and root planing was performed over four treatment sessions scheduled at one-week intervals using ultrasonic scalers and Gracey curettes. Standardized oral hygiene instructions were provided before treatment. Participants were re-evaluated at 1-, 3-, and 6-month follow-up visits, and additional non-surgical periodontal treatment was provided for sites requiring further therapy when clinically indicated. Clinical outcomes, patient-reported outcomes, and the environmental impact of the treatment protocol were assessed throughout the study.

Primary outcomes

  1. Probing Pocket Depth (PPD)

    Time frame: Baseline, 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months

    Mean probing pocket depth (PPD) was measured at six sites per tooth using a manual periodontal probe and recorded in millimeters (mm). Lower PPD values indicate improved periodontal status.

Secondary outcomes

  1. Clinical Attachment Level (CAL)

    Time frame: Baseline, 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months

    Mean clinical attachment level (CAL) was measured at six sites per tooth using a manual periodontal probe and recorded in millimeters (mm). Lower CAL values indicate improved periodontal attachment.

  2. Bleeding on Probing (BOP)

    Time frame: Baseline, 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months

    Bleeding on probing (BOP) was assessed by recording the presence or absence of bleeding within 30 seconds after gentle periodontal probing at the buccal, lingual/palatal, mesial, and distal surfaces of each tooth. Results were expressed as the percentage (%) of bleeding sites, with lower values indicating reduced gingival inflammation.

  3. Plaque Index (PI)

    Time frame: Baseline, 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months

    Plaque Index (PI) was assessed on all teeth according to the Silness and Löe index and recorded as a mean index score. Lower PI scores indicate better plaque control.

  4. Gingival Index (GI)

    Time frame: Baseline, 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months

    Gingival Index (GI) was assessed on all teeth according to the Löe and Silness index and recorded as a mean index score. Lower GI scores indicate reduced gingival inflammation.

  5. Periodontal Inflamed Surface Area (PISA)

    Time frame: Baseline, 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months

    Periodontal Inflamed Surface Area (PISA) was calculated using a validated method based on clinical attachment level, gingival recession, and bleeding on probing measurements and recorded in square millimeters (mm²). Lower PISA values indicate a reduced periodontal inflammatory burden.

  6. Periodontal Epithelial Surface Area (PESA)

    Time frame: Baseline, 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months

    Periodontal Epithelial Surface Area (PESA) was calculated from clinical attachment level and gingival recession measurements and recorded in square millimeters (mm²). Lower PESA values indicate a smaller periodontal epithelial surface area.

  7. Pain Intensity (Visual Analog Scale, VAS)

    Time frame: At the 1-month follow-up visit

    Pain intensity following periodontal treatment was assessed using a 10-cm Visual Analog Scale (VAS), where 0 represented no pain and 10 represented the worst imaginable pain. Lower VAS scores indicate lower perceived pain intensity.

  8. Oral Health-Related Quality of Life (OHIP-14)

    Time frame: At the 1-month follow-up visit

    Oral health-related quality of life was assessed using the Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14) questionnaire.

  9. Analgesic Use

    Time frame: At the 1-month follow-up visit

    The number of participants who reported using or not using analgesic medication following periodontal treatment was recorded for each treatment group.

  10. Preference for Future Periodontal Treatment

    Time frame: At the 6-month follow-up visit

    At the 6-month follow-up visit, participants were asked whether, based on their experience with the assigned treatment approach, they would prefer the alternative periodontal treatment approach if future periodontal treatment were needed. Responses were recorded for analysis.

  11. Environmental Impact of Periodontal Treatment Approaches

    Time frame: During the 6-month study period

    The environmental impacts of the periodontal treatment approaches were assessed using Life Cycle Assessment (LCA).

Sponsors and collaborators

Lead sponsor

Selcuk University

Other

Registry information

Official study title

COMPARISON OF FULL-MOUTH AND QUADRANT-WISE SCALING AND ROOT PLANING IN TERMS OF CLINICAL EFFECTIVENESS, ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY, AND PATIENT-REPORTED OUTCOMES

Important dates

Study start
2025
Primary completion
2026
Study completion
2026
First posted
Aug 25, 2026
Registry last updated
Aug 25, 2026

OpenTrials presents study information sourced from ClinicalTrials.gov. The official registry record should be consulted for the latest information.

View the official ClinicalTrials.gov record (opens in a new tab)

This listing is for discovery and informational purposes only. It is not medical advice, does not guarantee that a study is recruiting, and does not determine eligibility. Contact the study team and a qualified healthcare professional when considering participation.

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