Reconstruction Kinetics of γδ T Cells After Unrelated Cord Blood Transplantation

This study is a prospective, observational clinical investigation. Allogeneic umbilical cord blood transplantation is a critical treatment for hematological malignancies and other disorders. However, the reconstitution of the immune system post-transplantation, particularly the dynamics of non-conventional γδ T cells compared to αβ T cells, and their impact on clinical outcomes remain poorly understood.

This study aims to systematically characterize the reconstitution kinetics of γδ T cells and their subsets in patients following allogeneic UCBT. We will sequentially collect peripheral blood samples from patients post-transplant and dynamically monitor the quantity, proportion, and changes in major functional subsets of γδ T cells using flow cytometry.

The primary objective is to investigate the correlation between specific patterns of γδ T cell reconstitution and key clinical outcomes. These outcomes include the incidence and severity of graft-versus-host disease, disease relapse rate, transplant-related mortality, and overall patient survival. We anticipate that this study will identify novel biomarkers for assessing immune reconstitution status after UCBT and provide a rationale for future immunotherapeutic strategies aimed at modulating γδ T cells to improve patient prognosis.

Inclusion criteria

• 1: Patients undergo their first unrelated cord blood transplantation (UCBT) at our institution.

2: Diagnosis of a hematologic malignancy or disorder eligible for UCBT (e.g., acute leukemia, myelodysplastic syndrome, severe aplastic anemia)

3: Willing and able to provide written informed consent.

4: No restrictions on gender, age, or race.

Exclusion criteria

• Participation in an interventional clinical trial investigating prophylactic donor-derived cell infusion (e.g., DLI, MSC) during the study period.