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Completed

NCT Number: NCT07781787

Psychoeducational Programs for Cognitive Flexibility in University Students

The goal of this study was to compare three psychoeducational programs designed to support cognitive flexibility in university students. The study compared a Life Kinetik-based program, a cognitive-behavioral program, an integrated program combining Life Kinetik-based and cognitive-behavioral activities, and a no-intervention control condition.

Eighty university students were assigned in equal numbers to one of the four conditions. The Life Kinetik-based program consisted of 12 weekly 60-minute sessions, while the cognitive-behavioral and integrated programs each consisted of 10 weekly 60-minute sessions. Participants in the no-intervention control condition did not receive a psychoeducational program during the study period. Cognitive flexibility was assessed at baseline, immediately after the intervention period, and six weeks later using the Cognitive Flexibility Scale.

The main question was whether participants in each active intervention condition would report higher cognitive flexibility immediately after the intervention than participants in the no-intervention control condition. A secondary question was whether intervention-control differences would still be observed six weeks later. Comparisons among the three active intervention programs were exploratory.

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Key information

Conditions

Cognitive Flexibility

Age range

18 year and older

Sex eligibility

All sexes

Study type

Interventional

Phase

Not applicable

Primary location

Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey University

Karaman, 70100, Turkey (Türkiye)

Who can participate

Healthy volunteers accepted: Yes

Only the study team can determine whether someone qualifies for participation.

Inclusion criteria

  • University student at Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey University.
  • Cognitive Flexibility Scale screening score between 44 and 59, inclusive.
  • Willingness to participate voluntarily in a group-based psychoeducational program.
  • Availability to attend the intervention on the predetermined day and at the predetermined time.
  • Provision of informed consent.

Exclusion criteria

  • Self-reported current psychiatric diagnosis or ongoing psychological treatment.
  • Self-reported physical health problem, current injury, orthopedic condition, balance problem, or other condition that would prevent safe participation in the motor-cognitive activities.

Treatment and study plan

Life Kinetik-Based Cognitive-Flexibility Psychoeducation

Behavioral

A 12-session psychoeducational program delivered once weekly for 60 minutes. The intervention used variable motor-cognitive activities requiring participants to respond to changing or contradictory instructions, coordinate bilateral and cross-lateral movements, shift between rules, manage concurrent tasks, and generate rapid solutions. Activities targeted attention shifting, response inhibition, rapid decision making, problem solving, alternative-response generation, and flexible adaptation.

Cognitive-Behavioral Cognitive-Flexibility Psychoeducation

Behavioral

A 10-session psychoeducational program delivered once weekly for 60 minutes. The intervention used psychoeducation, written exercises, case examples, role-play, group discussion, cognitive restructuring, and structured problem-solving activities. Participants practiced identifying automatic thoughts and cognitive distortions, examining evidence, generating alternative interpretations, regulating emotions, setting flexible goals, and adapting to change.

Integrated Life Kinetik and Cognitive-Behavioral Psychoeducation

Behavioral

A 10-session integrated psychoeducational program delivered once weekly for 60 minutes. Each session combined explicit cognitive-behavioral learning with Life Kinetik-based motor-cognitive practice addressing the same cognitive-flexibility objective. Cognitive restructuring, alternative thinking, emotion regulation, and problem solving were combined with activities involving changing rules, response inhibition, coordination, rapid decision making, and strategy modification.

Primary outcomes

  1. Mean Cognitive Flexibility Scale Total Score at Immediate Posttest

    Time frame: Immediate posttest, approximately 9 to 11 weeks after baseline, depending on study arm

    Self-reported cognitive flexibility was assessed using the 12-item Turkish-language Cognitive Flexibility Scale developed by Martin and Rubin. Items are rated on a 6-point Likert-type scale. After reverse scoring negatively worded items, item scores are summed to obtain a total score ranging from 12 to 72. Higher scores indicate greater self-reported cognitive flexibility.

Secondary outcomes

  1. Mean Cognitive Flexibility Scale Total Score at Six-Week Follow-Up

    Time frame: Six weeks after the immediate posttest

    Self-reported cognitive flexibility was assessed using the 12-item Turkish-language Cognitive Flexibility Scale developed by Martin and Rubin. Items are rated on a 6-point Likert-type scale. After reverse scoring negatively worded items, item scores are summed to obtain a total score ranging from 12 to 72. Higher scores indicate greater self-reported cognitive flexibility.

Sponsors and collaborators

Lead sponsor

Mustafa Kılıç

Other

Registry information

Official study title

The Effect of Life Kinetik-Based Psychoeducation Program on Cognitive Flexibility

Important dates

Study start
2026
Primary completion
2026
Study completion
2026
First posted
Aug 24, 2026
Registry last updated
Aug 24, 2026

OpenTrials presents study information sourced from ClinicalTrials.gov. The official registry record should be consulted for the latest information.

View the official ClinicalTrials.gov record (opens in a new tab)

This listing is for discovery and informational purposes only. It is not medical advice, does not guarantee that a study is recruiting, and does not determine eligibility. Contact the study team and a qualified healthcare professional when considering participation.

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