Effects of a 50+ Toothpaste on Halitosis and Oral Comfort in Healthy Adults

This study will evaluate whether a toothpaste formulated for adults aged 50 years and older provides greater control of oral malodor and improved oral comfort compared with a standard commercially available fluoride toothpaste. Oral malodor will be assessed under standardized conditions using a reversible physiological model based on the temporary suspension of oral hygiene. No chemical substance will be used to induce malodor.

The study will use a randomized crossover design. Each participant will receive both study products in a randomly assigned sequence. Each treatment period will last 14 days and will be separated by a 14-day washout period, during which participants will return to their usual oral hygiene routine while avoiding products specifically intended for halitosis or dry mouth. Participants will brush twice daily for 2 minutes using only the assigned toothpaste. Tongue brushing and the use of mouthwashes or other products that could affect oral malodor or dry mouth will not be permitted during the treatment periods.

The test and control toothpastes will be supplied in neutral, indistinguishable packaging. Participants and the examiner responsible for the clinical and instrumental assessments will remain unaware of product identity. The treatment codes will be disclosed only after the study database has been finalized, unless disclosure is required for participant safety.

Assessments will be performed at baseline and after 7 and 14 days of each treatment period. Before each assessment, participants will suspend oral hygiene for 24 hours and follow standardized restrictions concerning food, beverages, smoking, chewing gum, and oral care products. This approach is intended to reduce measurement variability and allow each participant to serve as their own control.

Inclusion criteria

• Age between 18 and 65 years.
• Male or female.
• Orally healthy according to clinical examination, with no active oral condition that could interfere with study outcomes.
• At least 20 natural teeth.
• No active periodontitis.
• No clinically relevant untreated cavitated caries.
• No acute oral mucosal disease.
• Any existing systemic condition must be stable, controlled, and considered unlikely to interfere with the study outcomes.
• Willingness to use only the oral care products provided during each treatment period.
• Willingness to refrain from oral hygiene procedures for 24 hours before each assessment visit.
• Willingness to refrain from food, beverages other than water, smoking, chewing gum, candies, oral sprays, mouthwashes, and oral hygiene procedures for 3 to 4 hours before each assessment.
• Ability to understand the study objectives and procedures.
• Provision of written informed consent.

Exclusion criteria

• Active oral or dental disease that could interfere with the study outcomes. Active periodontitis.
• Periodontal probing depths greater than 3 mm at multiple sites, according to clinical judgment.
• Clinically relevant generalized gingival bleeding.
• Clinically relevant untreated cavitated caries.
• Oral candidiasis.
• Oral ulceration, stomatitis, symptomatic oral mucosal lesions, or acute oral infection.
• Clinical signs of severe xerostomia or pathological hyposalivation.
• Fewer than 20 natural teeth.
• Acute systemic disease or uncontrolled chronic systemic disease. Uncontrolled diabetes mellitus.
• Active autoimmune or systemic inflammatory disease.
• Gastrointestinal, respiratory, otorhinolaryngological, or metabolic conditions associated with clinically significant extraoral halitosis.
• Use of systemic antibiotics within 4 weeks before enrollment.
• Habitual use of antiseptic mouthwashes, anti-halitosis products, or dry-mouth products within 2 weeks before enrollment.
• Use of medications with a strong xerostomic effect that, in the investigator's judgment, could interfere with study outcomes.
• Smoking more than 10 cigarettes per day.
• Inability to refrain from smoking for 3 to 4 hours before assessment visits.
• Pregnancy or breastfeeding.
• Known or suspected allergy to any component of the study products.
• Professional dental cleaning or invasive dental procedures within 2 weeks before enrollment.
• Inability or unwillingness to comply with the study procedures.
• Participation in another clinical study within 4 weeks before enrollment.