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NCT Number: NCT07767812

Effects of Motivational Interviewing on Pain Self-Efficacy and Exercise Behavior in Individuals With Knee Osteoarthritis

This randomized controlled trial aims to investigate the effects of motivational interviewing added to a neuromuscular exercise and home exercise program on pain self-efficacy, exercise behavior, pain intensity, physical performance, and functional status in individuals with knee osteoarthritis. Sixty individuals diagnosed with knee osteoarthritis will be randomly allocated to either an intervention group or a control group. The intervention group will receive motivational interviewing in addition to neuromuscular exercise and a home exercise program, whereas the control group will receive neuromuscular exercise and the same home exercise program. Outcomes will be assessed at baseline, immediately after the intervention, and six weeks after the intervention.

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Key information

Conditions

Knee Arthritis Osteoarthritis Arthritis Behavior Joint Diseases Motor Activity Musculoskeletal Diseases Osteoarthritis Osteoarthritis, Knee Rheumatic Diseases

Age range

40 year and older

Sex eligibility

All sexes

Study type

Interventional

Phase

Not applicable

Primary location

AFSÜ Health Application and Research Center, Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation

Afyonkarahisar, Türkiye, 03100, Turkey (Türkiye)

Location status: Recruiting

Location contact

Aynur EYVAZ, MD

CONTACT

[email protected]

00902742651100

Ismail Saracoglu, Phd

PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Nuray EYVAZ, MD

SUB_INVESTIGATOR

İbrahim YUKSEL, Msc.

PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Who can participate

Healthy volunteers accepted: No

Only the study team can determine whether someone qualifies for participation.

Inclusion criteria

  • Diagnosis of knee osteoarthritis according to American College of Rheumatology (ACR) criteria
  • Kellgren-Lawrence radiographic grade ≥2
  • Knee pain lasting longer than 3 months

Exclusion criteria

  • History of joint arthroplasty
  • Body mass index >40 kg/m²
  • Neuromuscular or neurological diseases such as stroke, Parkinson's disease, or multiple sclerosis
  • History of lower-extremity joint fracture
  • Hip osteoarthritis

Treatment and study plan

Motivational Interviewing

Behavioral

Motivational interviewing will be delivered individually in face-to-face sessions by a researcher trained and certified in motivational interviewing. Sessions will focus on identifying individual barriers and goals, strengthening motivation and commitment to exercise, supporting self-efficacy, and preventing relapse. The intervention will incorporate three stages: increasing exercise motivation, strengthening commitment to exercise, and relapse prevention.

Neuromuscular exercise program

Other

Participants will perform neuromuscular exercise sessions five times per week for four weeks. Each 60-minute session will consist of approximately 10 minutes of warm-up, 40 minutes of exercise, and 10 minutes of cool-down. Exercises will include core stabilization and postural control, postural orientation, lower-extremity strengthening, functional exercises, and balance and proprioception exercises. Exercises will be progressed according to participant tolerance and functional performance.

Home exercise program

Other

The home exercise program will include isometric strengthening exercises for the quadriceps and hip adductor muscles, straight leg raising, assisted hip and knee flexion, and active knee flexion exercises. Participants will perform the program five days per week, twice daily, for three weeks, with 10 repetitions of each exercise. The program will be explained and demonstrated by a physiotherapist during the first session, and adherence will be followed by telephone contact.

Primary outcomes

  1. The Exercise Self-Efficacy Scale (ESE)

    Time frame: Baseline, immediately after the 4-week intervention, and 6 weeks after completion of the intervention

    The Exercise Self-Efficacy Scale (ESE) measures a person's confidence in their ability to maintain regular physical activity or exercise when facing various internal and external barriers. Different validated versions exist, including Albert Bandura's 18-item scale, an older adult 9-item scale, and a 10-item spinal cord injury adaptation.

  2. Pain Self-Efficacy Questionnaire (PSEQ)

    Time frame: Baseline, immediately after the 4-week intervention, and 6 weeks after completion of the intervention

    The Pain Self-Efficacy Questionnaire (PSEQ) is a 10-item self-report tool designed to measure a person's confidence in performing daily activities and functioning normally despite ongoing chronic pain. It uses a 7-point scale from 0 to 6, yielding total scores between 0 and 60, where higher scores reflect stronger coping confidence.

Secondary outcomes

  1. Numerical Pain Rating Scale

    Time frame: Baseline, immediately after the 4-week intervention, and 6 weeks after completion of the intervention

    The Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRs) is a fast, 11-point tool used to measure pain intensity. Patients select a whole number from 0 (no pain) to 10 (worst pain imaginable) to rate their discomfort verbally or in writing.

  2. The WOMAC (Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index)

    Time frame: Baseline, immediately after the 4-week intervention, and 6 weeks after completion of the intervention.

    The WOMAC (Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index) is a widely used, self-administered 24-item questionnaire that evaluates pain (5 items), stiffness (2 items), and physical function (17 items) in patients with knee or hip osteoarthritis.

  3. Physical Performance 30-Second Sit-to-Stand Test (30s STS)

    Time frame: Baseline, immediately after the 4-week intervention, and 6 weeks after completion of the intervention

    The 30s STS measures lower-extremity functional strength by recording the total number of complete sit-to-stand repetitions performed within 30 seconds, with a higher number of repetitions indicating better performance.

  4. Physical performance timed up and go test (TUG)

    Time frame: Baseline, immediately after 4 week intervention and 6 weeks after competition of the intervention

    The TUG measures functional mobility as the time, in seconds, required to stand up from a chair, walk 3 meters, turn, walk back, and sit down, with a shorter completion time indicating better performance.

  5. Physical performance 40-meter Walking Test

    Time frame: Baseline, immediately after the 4-week intervention, and 6 weeks after completion of the intervention

    The 40mWT assesses walking speed by recording the time required to complete a 40-meter walking course, with a shorter completion time indicating better walking performance. The results of the three tests will be reported separately and will not be combined into a composite score.

Study contacts

Contact information is provided by the study sponsor or research team.

İbrahim YUKSEL, Msc. PT

CONTACT

[email protected]

0539 222 88 46

Sponsors and collaborators

Lead sponsor

Kutahya Health Sciences University

Other

Registry information

Official study title

Investigation of the Effects of Motivational Interviewing on Pain Self-Efficacy and Exercise Behavior in Individuals With Knee Osteoarthritis

Important dates

Study start
2026
Primary completion
2026
Study completion
2026
First posted
Aug 17, 2026
Registry last updated
Aug 17, 2026

OpenTrials presents study information sourced from ClinicalTrials.gov. The official registry record should be consulted for the latest information.

View the official ClinicalTrials.gov record (opens in a new tab)

This listing is for discovery and informational purposes only. It is not medical advice, does not guarantee that a study is recruiting, and does not determine eligibility. Contact the study team and a qualified healthcare professional when considering participation.

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