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NCT Number: NCT07767331

PRODIAP - Patient-reported Outcomes in General Practice Among People With Type 2 Diabetes

In Denmark, around 327,000 diabetes consultations take place annually in general practice, but these often fail to fully include patients' experiences, values, and needs. Research, mainly among people with type 1 diabetes, suggests that the use of Patient Reported Outcomes (PROs) can enhance patient engagement and consultation quality. Yet, little is known about the effect of using PROs in type 2 diabetes (T2D) care in general practice. This project, PRODIAP (Patient-reported outcomes in general practice among people with type 2 diabetes) aims to investigate whether the use of a diabetes-specific PRO questionnaire can improve care quality and support more individualised consultations for people with T2D. PRODIAP is tailored to general practice, adapted from hospital PRO tools, and pilot testing showed promising feasibility and acceptability.

This project applies a mixed-methods design with two sub-studies:

1. A pragmatic, cluster-randomised controlled trial in 30 general practices (N≈2000 patients) evaluating PRODIAP's effect on perceived care quality with patient perceived quality of care (PACIC) as primary outcome. 2. A qualitative study using observations and interviews to explore how PRODIAP shapes the consultation from both patient and professional perspectives.

The project group has established a national collaboration with general practitioners, researchers and stakeholders from all five Danish region, supporting the feasibility of this study. Findings are expected to improve diabetes care in general practice and inform management of other chronic conditions. Findings are expected to improve diabetes care in general practice and provide transferable knowledge for other chronic conditions.

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Key information

Conditions

Type 2 Diabetes Diabetes Mellitus Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 Endocrine System Diseases Glucose Metabolism Disorders Metabolic Diseases Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases

Age range

18 year and older

Sex eligibility

All sexes

Study type

Interventional

Phase

Not applicable

Primary location

Steno Diabetes Center Aarhus

Aarhus, 8200, Denmark

Location status: Recruiting

Location contact

Anette Andersen, MD, PhD

CONTACT

[email protected]

+4522135605

Who can participate

Healthy volunteers accepted: No

Only the study team can determine whether someone qualifies for participation.

Inclusion criteria

  • type 2 diabetes
  • able to understand and answer a Danish questionnaire

Exclusion criteria

  • none

Treatment and study plan

Use of PRO questionnaire in general practice

Behavioral

Participants are people with type 2 diabetes, receiving treatment in GP. 30 GPs will be recruited from the Regions of Central Jutland, Zealand, and Southern Denmark, and from here, about 2,000 people (+18) with T2D are recruited. The 30 participating GPs will be randomly assigned to either the intervention (15 GPs) or control (15 GPs) group. The annual consultations in the intervention group will be based on responses to a diabetes-specific PRO questionnaire (PRODIAP) from the persons with T2D, while the control group will follow the usual process without PRODIAP.

Primary outcomes

  1. Patient Assessment Chronic Illness Care (PACIC)

    Time frame: "Baseline" - up to 2 weeks before the patients attend their yearly check-up at the general practitioner at year 1 "Endpoint" - up to 2 weeks after the patients attended their yearly check-up at the general practitioner at year 2

    Patient Assessment of Chronic Illness Care (PACIC) assesses patient-perceived quality of care among individuals with T2D. PACIC consists of 20 items divided into five subscales with the following themes: patient activation, decision support, goal setting, problem-solving, and coordination/follow-up. PACIC is scored on a 5-point scale ranging from 1 (never) to 5 (always). The total PACIC score is calculated as the mean of all items and as the mean of the five subscales

Secondary outcomes

  1. Hemoglobin A1C (HbA1c)

    Time frame: "Baseline" - up to 2 weeks before the patients attend their yearly check-up at the general practitioner at year 1 "Endpoint" - up to 2 weeks after the patients attended their yearly check-up at the general practitioner at year 2

    Average level of blood glucose over the past two to three months. Collected from laboratory data base

Other outcomes

  1. Health related quality of live (EQ-5D-5L)

    Time frame: "Baseline" - up to 2 weeks before the patients attend their yearly check-up at the general practitioner at year 1 "Endpoint" - up to 2 weeks after the patients attended their yearly check-up at the general practitioner at year 2

    Health related quality of live is measured using the EQ-5D-5L which in turn is used to estimate quality-adjusted life year (QALY). EQ-5D-5L comprises five dimensions: mobility, self-care, usual activities, pain/discomfort and anxiety/depression. Each dimension has 5 levels: no problems, slight problems, moderate problems, severe problems and extreme problems. The patient is asked to indicate his/her health state by ticking the box next to the most appropriate statement in each of the five dimensions. This decision results in a 1-digit number that expresses the level selected for that dimension. The digits for the five dimensions can be combined into a 5-digit number that describes the patient's health state.

  2. Resource use (costs)

    Time frame: "through study completion, an average of 1½ year"

    Resource use associated with the intervention and derived costs in the health care sector. Measured in DKK.

Study contacts

Contact information is provided by the study sponsor or research team.

Anette Andersen, MD, PhD

CONTACT

[email protected]

+4522135605

Katrine B Bonnén, MSc in Public Health

CONTACT

[email protected]

Sponsors and collaborators

Lead sponsor

University of Aarhus

Other

Collaborators

  • Aarhus University Hospital
  • Steno Diabetes Center Odense
  • Steno Diabetes Center Sjaelland

Registry information

Acronym: PRODIAP

Important dates

Study start
2026
Primary completion
2028
Study completion
2028
First posted
Aug 17, 2026
Registry last updated
Aug 17, 2026

OpenTrials presents study information sourced from ClinicalTrials.gov. The official registry record should be consulted for the latest information.

View the official ClinicalTrials.gov record (opens in a new tab)

This listing is for discovery and informational purposes only. It is not medical advice, does not guarantee that a study is recruiting, and does not determine eligibility. Contact the study team and a qualified healthcare professional when considering participation.

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