Effects of Unilateral Complex Training on Lower-Limb Strength Asymmetry and Athletic Performance in Basketball Players

Basketball requires repeated jumping, sprinting, changing direction, and unilateral force production, which may contribute to strength differences between the lower limbs. Unilateral complex training combines resistance exercises with biomechanically similar explosive exercises performed predominantly on one limb. This approach may provide a sport-specific stimulus for improving neuromuscular function and reducing inter-limb strength asymmetry.

In this randomized controlled study, male basketball players were allocated to an experimental or control group. The experimental group completed an eight-week unilateral complex training program twice per week in addition to regular basketball training, whereas the control group continued regular basketball training without the additional intervention. Participants were assessed before and after the intervention using isokinetic knee strength testing, countermovement and Abalakov jump tests, and a 20-m sprint test.

Inclusion criteria

• Male basketball players who volunteered to participate in the study.
• Having at least 5 years of basketball training experience.
• Participating in regular basketball training at least four times per week during the previous 2 years.
• Being actively involved in regular basketball training and competition.
• Being able to participate in the unilateral complex training and performance testing procedures.

Exclusion criteria

• Presence of any musculoskeletal injury or health condition that could affect physical performance or prevent participation in the training program.
• Current injury or medical condition restricting participation in basketball training or performance testing.
• Failure to complete the required training or testing sessions.
• Use of medications or treatments that could substantially affect physical performance, if applicable.